Table 1. Normalized Values for Plantar Force and Duration (Mean ± Standard Error).
| PF (% BW) | DPF (% BW) | DSP (% stand phase) | OD (ms) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gait event | P1 | PN | P2 | P1 | PN | P2 | T1 | T2 | |
| Walking | |||||||||
| Bare | 107.44±2.83 | 96.92±2.25 | 130.56±3.27 | - | - | - | 26.55±0.38 | 51.32±0.38 | 65.21±0.19 |
| Flat | 115.46±3.67*** | 98.58±2.85*** | 131.01±3.76 | 1.28±0.52** | 2.33±0.57*** | 2.68±0.31*** | 29.21±0.91*** | 49.25±0.91*** | 74.28±0.46*** |
| Rocker-1 | 91.23±3.67*** | 65.26±2.85*** | 104.84±3.76*** | -30.55±0.52*** | -28.28±0.57*** | -24.59±0.31*** | 24.11±0.91*** | 52.10±0.91 | 73.36±0.46*** |
| Rocker-2 | 101.06±3.67***††† | 70.33±2.85***††† | 120.16±3.76***††† | -23.47±0.52***††† | -15.78±0.57***††† | -13.87±0.31***††† | 23.36±0.91***††† | 53.07±0.91***††† | 68.29±0.46***††† |
| Jogging | |||||||||
| Bare | 105.95±4.57 | 103.01±4.89 | 192.31±6.55 | - | - | - | 5.17±0.57 | 31.23±1.10 | 32.49±0.92 |
| Flat | 128.47±8.33*** | 126.00±8.39*** | 198.11±9.01** | 14.60±1.95*** | 3.64±1.82* | 3.07±2.09 | 12.57±1.03*** | 25.50±1.80*** | 35.05±1.35*** |
| Rocker-1 | 122.50±8.37*** | 121.16±8.43*** | 194.36±9.03 | -4.79±1.97** | -12.17±1.84*** | -12.24±2.12*** | 11.22±1.04*** | 27.00±1.81*** | 31.99±1.35 |
| Rocker-2 | 116.55±8.32***† | 114.96±8.39***† | 186.47±9.01**††† | -5.02±1.95** | -13.24±1.82*** | -13.16±2.09*** | 10.58±1.03***† | 27.24±1.80*** | 33.02±1.35††† |
PF, plantar force (plantar force/BW×100); DPF, difference of plantar force (difference of force/BW×100); DSP, difference of stand phase (difference of time/overall duration×100); OD, overall duration.
*, **, *** Indicate a significant difference between shod condition and Bare. The statistical significance levels were set at 0.025≤p<0.05, 0.01≤p<0.025, and p<0.01, respectively. Significant differences were taken to be the respective differences between each of the Flat, Rocker-1, and Rocker-2 values and the Bare value.
†, ††† indicate a significant different between Rocker-1 and Rocker-2. The statistical significance levels were set at 0.025≤p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. Unit of BW and force is N. Unit of time and duration is ms.