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Chicken macrophages (six replicates/group) were treated with encapsulated and soluble forms of the three TLR ligands and mean fold expression of IFN-γ in treated groups were compared to the cell culture medium treated group. Significance (P <0.05) was tested between delivery systems (encapsulated and soluble TLR ligands) within a dose and at a given time point. * indicates significant difference.
