Analysis restricted to children with obesity. Associations between baseline fasting insulin and gain in (A) BMI standard deviation score (BMIz), (B) BMI, (E) fat mass, and (F) percentage fat mass. Associations between homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and gain in (C) BMIz, (D) BMI, (G) fat mass, and (H) percentage fat mass. In each analysis, those with higher baseline insulin or HOMA-IR are represented graphically using the 75th percentile for the cohort and those with lower baseline insulin or HOMA-IR are represented graphically using the 25th percentile; see Subjects and Methods).