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. 2017 Jan 4;7:521. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00521

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Copyright © 2017 Yip, Geng, Shen and Ding.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Gluconeogenesis is a multistep metabolic process that generates glucose from pyruvate or a related three-carbon compound (lactate) and glutamine. Several reversible steps in gluconeogenesis are catalyzed by the same enzymes used in glycolysis. There are three irreversible steps in the gluconeogenic pathway: (1) conversion of pyruvate to PEP via oxaloacetate, catalyzed by PC and PCK; (2) dephosphorylation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by FBP; and (3) dephosphorylation of glucose 6-phosphate by G6PC.