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. 2016 Dec 20;18(12):e330. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6482

Table 1.

Sample descriptive statistics of participants using 3 different self-guided mobile apps for depression.


EVOa
(n=209)
iPSTb
(n=211)
HTc
(n=206)
Total
(n=626)
Baseline variable








PHQ-9d score, mean (SD) 13.76 (4.9) 13.51 (5.1) 13.64 (4.9) 13.64 (4.95)

PHQ-disability score, mean (SD) 1.34 (0.75) 1.44 (0.68) 1.40 (0.73) 1.39 (0.72)

Age in years, mean (SD) 34.9 (12.3) 33.4 (10.9) 33.6 (12.3) 33.9 (11.84)

Male, n (%) 51 (24.2) 48 (23.0) 33 (16.0) 132 (21.1)

University education, n (%) 128 (60.7) 140 (67.0) 130 (63.1) 398 (63.6)

Married, n (%) 62 (29.4) 73 (34.9) 68 (33.0) 203 (32.4)

Employed, n (%) 144 (68.2) 156 (74.6) 141 (68.4) 441 (70.5)
Racial/ethnic minority, n (%) 128 (60.7) 122 (58.4) 124 (60.2) 374 (59.7)


African American 29 (13.7) 29 (13.9) 28 (13.6) 86 (13.7)


American Indian 4 (1.9) 1 (0.5) 1 (0) 6 (1.0)


Asian 22 (10.4) 16 (7.7) 16 (7.8) 54 (8.6)


White 137 (64.9) 140 (67.0) 133 (64.6) 410 (65.5)


>1 race 19 (9.0) 21 (10.0) 26 (12.6) 66 (10.5)


Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 0 (0) 2 (1.0) 2 (1.0) 4 (0.6)


Hispanic (any race) 24 (11.4) 33 (15.8) 22 (10.6) 79 (12.6)
First-use variable








SDSe, mean (SD) 15.9 (7.1) 14.9 (6.7) 15.9 (7.1) 15.6 (6.96)

GAD-7f, mean (SD) 10.4 (4.9) 9.2 (4.9) 10.4 (5.3) 10.0 (5.09)

AUDIT-Cg, mean (SD) 3.20 (2.5) 3.03 (2.2) 3.40 (2.3) 3.21 (2.38)

Psychotic symptoms, n (%) 29 (19) 24 (20) 32 (24) 155 (21)
Other psychiatric treatment, n (%) 84 (58) 64 (52) 74 (56) 222 (56)


Psychiatrist 41 (19.6) 31 (14.8) 35 (16.7) 107 (17.1)


Therapist 41 (19.6) 32 (15.3) 30 (14.4) 103 (16.5)


Group 15 (7.1) 10 (4.8) 5 (2.4) 30 (4.8)


Book 26 (12.4) 23 (11.0) 35 (16.7) 84 (13.4)


Medicationh 63 (30.1) 43 (20.6) 39 (18.6) 145 (23.2)

aEVO: Project: EVO.

biPST: problem-solving therapy app.

cHT: Health Tips.

dPHQ-9: 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire.

eSDS: Sheehan Disability Scale.

fGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale.

gAUDIT-C: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test.

hEVO had a significantly higher rate of baseline medication use than iPST and HT.