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. 2017 Jan 3;17:1. doi: 10.1186/s12870-016-0951-9

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 8 — Proposed schema for the role of spermidine (Spd) in coordinating the seed germination of sweet corn. Spd increased gibberellins (GA) contents in sweet corn seeds might through improving GA biosynthetic genes expressions and depressing GA catabolic gene expression respectively. Spd decreased abscisic acid (ABA) contents in sweet corn seeds might through the depression of ABA-synthetic genes expressions. Spd also affected ethylene homeostasis by activating the expression of ZmACS. In addition, an increase of H₂O₂ content in Spd-treated seeds was found, which associated with the endosperm cap weakening and embryo elongation growth. H₂O₂ could also induce a decrease in ABA and an increase in ethylene directly or indirectly to accelerate the germination process [8]