Table 4.

Associated cervical injuries and injuries to adjacent regions

		GSW (n=58)	SW (n=452)
Cervical		34 (58.6%)	46 (10.2%)
	Cervical spine fracture	17 (29.3%)	14 (3.1%)
	Spinal cord injury	8 (13.8%) (all had an associated fracture)	10 (2.2%) (only 50% had an associated fracture)
	Brachial plexus	9 (15.5%)	17 (3.8%)
	Recurrent laryngeal nerve / phrenic nerve	0 (0%)	4 (0.9%)
	Thyroid	0 (0%)	1 (0.2%)
Maxillofacial		21 (36.2%)	64 (14.2%)
	Wounds	21 (36.2%)	63 (13.9%)
	Facial fracture	16 (27.6%)	6 (1.3%)
	Eye globe	2 (3.4%)	5 (1.1%)
	Nerve	2 (3.4%)	7 (1.5%)
Head		9 (15.5%)	40 (8.8%)
	Wounds	7 (12.1%)	39 (8.6%)
	Skull fracture / intracranial injury	5 (8.6%)	8 (1.8%)
	Ischaemic infarct secondary to local or general hypoperfusion	5 (8.6%)	2 (0.4%)
Chest		20 (34.5%)	202 (44.7%)
	Wounds	18 (31.0%)	117 (25.9%)
	Haemopneumothorax	12 (20.7%)	134 (29.6%)
	secondary to isolated PNI	1 (1.7%)	73 (16.2%)
	Penetrating cardiac injury	0 (0%)	3 (0.7%)
	Clavicle fracture	5 (8.6%)	2 (0.4%)
	secondary to isolated PNI	0 (0%)	2 (0.4%)
	Rib fracture	4 (6.9%)	5 (1.1%)
	secondary to isolated PNI	0 (0%)	2 (0.4%)
	Thoracic spine fracture	3 (5.2%)	2 (0.4%)
	secondary to isolated PNI	0 (0%)	2 (0.4%)
	Thoracic spinal cord	1 (1.7%)	1 (0.2%)
	Scapula fracture	2 (3.4%)	2 (0.4%)
	Sternum fracture	0 (0%)	1 (0.2%)

GSW = gunshot wound; SW = stab wound; PNI = penetrating neck injury