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. 2016 Dec;6(4):483–497. doi: 10.1086/688314

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Analysis of targeted gene expression profiles of lung MPCs from COPD and IPF patients highlight that the DKK1 pathway is affected in multiple chronic pulmonary diseases. A. A qRT-PCR analysis was performed to evaluate the patterns of representative genes expressed by lung MPCs from adult chronic lung disease, including COPD and IPF, relative to control and PAH samples; n = 3 patients for each group. All amplification was normalized to a housekeeping gene, and the results presented as mean fold change over control ± standard error. *P < 0.5. B–F, Representative bright-field images of immunohistochemical localization of DKK1. Scale bar: 100 μm. G, Western blot analysis using cell lysates from lung MPC to detect DKK1 levels. Densitometry was performed and normalized to β-actin housekeeping levels. Sample: 3 control and 3 IPF MPCs. Data presented as the mean ± standard error. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; MPCs: mesenchymal progenitor cells; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; qRT-PCR: quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.