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. 2016 Dec;6(4):498–507. doi: 10.1086/688489

Table S1.

Raw data of pixel density for cytokines included in Proteome Profiler Human XL Cytokine antibody array kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) performed at R&D Systems in duplicate for controls (n = 3) and patients with portopulmonary hypertension (POPH; n = 3)

Control POPH
Biomarker 1 2 3 1 2 3
Adiponectin (a) 49,475.05 51,813.08 53,522.44 55,451.35 57,121.03 51,293.78
Adiponectin (b) 48,409.73 49,735.91 53,539.46 53,638.29 56,941.99 53,726.59
Aggrecan (a) 42,337.03 33,407 39,124.06 37,635.05 43,924.06 43,649.43
Aggrecan (b) 43,803.35 34,796.37 39,260.97 37,627.76 44,340.47 44,042.34
Angiogenin (a) 48,575.81 47,943.91 51,092.87 50,782.59 53,224.32 54,202.95
Angiogenin (b) 47,950.39 49,051.35 48,820.47 49,131.56 50,935.71 53,827.05
Angiopoietin-1 (a) 4,577.84 7,119.2 4,712.32 5,570.24 6,515.66 5,567.81
Angiopoietin-1 (b) 4,270.8 6,897.23 4,054.49 5,721.73 5,888.62 5,311.81
Angiopoietin-2 (a) 7,388.97 4,646.7 5,370.14 6,734.39 6,149.48 11,491.46
Angiopoietin-2 (b) 6,974.19 4,525.99 5,071.2 6,541.58 5,816.52 10,307.86
BAFF (a) 36,824.92 12,810.34 14,595.86 31,761.63 12,899.46 29,878.09
BAFF (b) 35,090.44 12,770.65 14,148.67 30,428.97 12,428.77 27,502.8
BDNF (a) 4,868.67 4,154.14 4,848.42 5,141.68 5,105.23 6,755.46
BDNF (b) 4,503.3 4,230.29 4,483.05 4,983.71 4,812.77 6,235.35
C-reactive protein (a) 54,720.62 57,038.39 55,866.95 47,585.03 61,840.01 56,670.59
C-reactive protein (b) 52,023.71 56,764.57 56,988.16 41,436.97 63,026.04 56,401.63
C5/C5a (a) 26,880.62 26,495.81 28,324.27 22,486.49 34,547.66 28,819.25
C5/C5a (b) 27,324.57 26,209.84 28,707.46 22,821.89 34,077.78 29,083.35
CD14 (a) 21,054.19 14,609.63 18,332.97 18,935.71 26,904.11 25,932.77
CD14 (b) 19,336.72 15,288.52 19,893.28 19,371.56 26,252.77 27,424.22
CD30 (a) 4,303.2 4,010.75 6,633.13 4,270.8 4,289.43 4,581.08
CD30 (b) 4,634.54 4,183.3 7,536.42 4,628.06 4,748.77 4,483.86
CD40 ligand (a) 6,127.61 4,913.23 7,488.62 7,002.54 7,017.13 7,020.37
CD40 ligand (b) 7,797.28 5,099.56 7,313.63 7,405.18 7,789.99 7,788.37
Chitinase 3-like 1 (a) 57,829.89 59,574.9 59,099.35 56,523.96 60,417.43 57,890.65
Chitinase 3-like 1 (b) 58,441.53 59,017.53 56,608.22 55,395.46 58,857.13 58,610.04
Complement factor D (a) 45,576.72 45,046.09 46,562.65 45,570.24 49,713.23 48,519.91
Complement factor D (b) 43,177.94 43,029.68 45,726.59 44,027.76 48,474.54 48,539.35
Cripto-1 (a) 4,456.32 4,342.9 5,769.53 5,609.13 5,932.37 4,816.01
Cripto-1 (b) 4,308.87 4,070.7 5,148.16 5,344.22 5,042.04 4,285.38
Cystatin C (a) 42,534.7 38,213.48 40,565.28 37,703.1 41,587.66 47,457.03
Cystatin C (b) 42,581.68 39,012.27 40,379.76 37,946.95 42,130.44 46,264.52
Dkk-1 (a) 4,610.24 4,376.92 4,345.33 4,321.84 4,434.44 4,572.16
Dkk-1 (b) 4,322.65 4,222.19 4,004.27 4,322.65 4,123.35 4,406.9
DPPIV (a) 19,430.7 14,381.18 24,554.75 11,702.9 35,501.18 38,807.3
DPPIV (b) 19,316.47 14,224.82 23,883.96 11,749.89 35,797.68 39,267.46
EGF (a) 5,270.49 4,368.82 4,946.44 5,410.65 6,691.46 5,624.52
EGF (b) 4,930.24 4,103.1 4,515.46 5,453.58 6,423.3 5,690.14
Emmprin (a) 25,514.75 17,168.01 24,142.39 21,741.18 29,767.91 32,976.01
Emmprin (b) 26,339.46 17,531.76 24,390.29 21,983.41 31,657.13 32,724.06
ENA-78/CXCL5 (a) 5,102.8 4,091.76 4,436.06 5,670.7 5,567 5,251.86
ENA-78/CXCL5 (b) 5,165.18 4,103.1 4,530.04 6,239.41 5,370.14 5,690.14
Endoglin (a) 42,504.72 39,474.04 40,132.67 40,569.33 45,897.53 44,485.48
Endoglin (b) 44,210.85 40,539.35 40,144.82 41,313.84 44,061.78 45,533.78
Fas ligand (a) 8,272.82 8,490.75 6,702.8 7,451.35 7,640.11 9,931.15
Fas ligand (b) 6,987.15 7,363.86 5,654.49 6,684.97 6,038.49 7,862.9
FGF basic (a) 7,225.33 6,184.32 5,836.77 10,375.1 7,203.46 7,942.29
FGF basic (b) 8,634.95 7,249.63 8,084.87 10,597.89 8,258.24 9,260.37
FGF-19 (a) 9,596.57 6,616.92 7,992.52 9,123.46 10,684.57 14,792.72
FGF-19 (b) 9,436.97 6,801.63 8,316.57 9,861.48 10,581.68 17,103.2
FGF-7 (a) 5,376.62 4,853.28 5,535.41 4,922.14 6,125.99 5,657.73
FGF-7 (b) 4,381.78 3,890.04 4,160.62 4,368.01 4,909.18 4,123.35
Flt-3 ligand (a) 5,109.28 3,975.1 6,268.57 6,198.09 5,014.49 9,035.96
Flt-3 ligand (b) 4,754.44 4,058.54 5,848.11 5,780.06 5,106.85 8,103.51
G-CSF (a) 3,949.99 3,894.09 3,909.48 4,120.11 4,139.56 4,252.97
G-CSF (b) 3,949.18 3,941.89 3,938.65 4,036.67 4,004.27 4,570.54
GDF-15 (a) 40,438.09 20,039.91 29,624.52 31,984.42 27,638.09 39,824.01
GDF-15 (b) 40,287.41 20,970.75 29,311 34,463.41 27,331.05 40,420.27
GM-CSF (a) 5,122.24 4,570.54 6,665.53 9,153.43 6,621.78 5,607.51
GM-CSF (b) 5,494.9 4,820.06 6,822.7 9,681.63 6,907.76 5,792.22
GRO alpha (a) 4,065.03 3,673.73 4,045.58 4,060.16 4,146.04 4,265.94
GRO alpha (b) 3,981.58 3,882.75 4,074.75 4,783.61 4,103.91 4,368.82
Growth hormone (a) 23,878.29 3,857.63 5,267.25 39,828.06 4,882.44 28,370.44
Growth hormone (b) 23,081.94 3,859.25 4,863.81 39,254.49 4,692.87 28,107.15
HGF (a) 7,046.29 4,243.25 4,288.62 6,411.15 5,659.35 11,729.63
HGF (b) 7,796.47 4,201.13 4,855.71 7,336.32 6,422.49 12,474.95
I-TAC (a) 4,071.51 3,897.33 4,021.28 4,889.73 4,073.94 5,148.97
I-TAC (b) 4,522.75 4,417.43 4,267.56 5,093.08 3,928.92 5,351.51
ICAM-1 (a) 43,559.51 34,089.94 43,228.16 46,172.97 46,892.37 46,414.39
ICAM-1 (b) 42,049.43 34,022.7 42,674.04 45,490.04 47,115.96 47,282.04
IFN-gamma (a) 4,627.25 4,165.48 4,502.49 5,598.59 4,836.27 5,136.01
IFN-gamma (b) 4,730.95 4,048.01 4,551.1 5,623.71 4,893.78 5,567
IGFBP-2 (a) 37,399.3 31,482.14 34,622.19 36,414.19 37,768.72 40,511.81
IGFBP-2 (b) 37,499.76 32,535.3 33,633.84 36,483.86 37,968.82 38,718.19
IGFBP-3 (a) 35,184.42 31,469.99 30,911.81 29,920.22 31,862.09 38,716.57
IGFBP-3 (b) 34,237.38 31,311.2 30,785.43 30,343.91 32,413.78 39,155.66
IL-1 alpha (a) 4,764.16 4,152.52 4,513.03 6,364.97 4,868.67 6,346.34
IL-1 alpha (b) 4,628.06 4,023.71 4,467.66 6,127.61 4,598.9 6,053.89
IL-1 beta (a) 4,323.46 3,676.16 3,916.77 4,762.54 4,828.97 4,760.92
IL-1 beta (b) 4,369.63 3,816.32 4,036.67 4,402.04 4,634.54 4,336.42
IL-10 (a) 4,343.71 3,909.48 4,073.94 4,389.08 5,101.18 4,396.37
IL-10 (b) 4,235.96 3,786.34 3,970.24 4,251.35 4,815.2 4,805.48
IL-11 (a) 5,751.71 4,666.95 5,916.16 6,945.84 5,901.58 7,281.23
IL-11 (b) 5,652.87 4,923.76 5,936.42 6,459.76 6,138.14 7,252.87
IL-12 p70 (a) 4,473.33 4,060.16 4,129.84 5,054.19 4,887.3 4,671
IL-12 p70 (b) 4,534.9 4,231.91 4,187.35 4,864.62 5,398.49 4,789.28
IL-13 (a) 4,346.95 4,049.63 4,267.56 4,628.06 4,769.03 4,897.84
IL-13 (b) 4,101.48 3,834.95 3,949.18 4,441.73 4,237.58 4,675.86
IL-15 (a) 4,354.24 3,614.59 4,058.54 4,779.56 4,631.3 4,649.94
IL-15 (b) 4,327.51 4,022.09 3,994.54 4,165.48 4,329.13 4,331.56
IL-16 (a) 3,926.49 4,112.01 3,903 4,240.01 3,998.59 4,269.99
IL-16 (b) 3,854.39 3,736.92 4,071.51 3,832.52 3,790.39 4,427.96
IL-17A (a) 8,203.96 6,341.48 10,859.56 10,640.82 11,412.87 23,004.97
IL-17A (b) 9,284.67 7,615.81 11,457.43 11,877.08 10,068.06 25,284.67
IL-18 Bpa (a) 13,595.35 10,921.13 15,762.44 13,524.06 14,612.06 19,831.71
IL-18 Bpa (b) 14,433.03 10,981.89 16,776.72 13,121.43 16,122.14 20,157.38
IL-19 (a) 4,373.68 4,036.67 4,388.27 5,250.24 4,639.41 5,689.33
IL-19 (b) 4,413.38 4,129.84 4,287.81 5,062.29 4,589.99 5,710.39
IL-1ra (a) 4,214.09 4,204.37 4,892.16 4,325.89 4,434.44 4,159
IL-1ra (b) 3,961.33 3,846.29 5,038.8 4,127.41 4,516.27 4,441.73
IL-2 (a) 4,366.39 3,735.3 4,251.35 4,924.57 4,981.28 4,516.27
IL-2 (b) 4,633.73 4,133.89 4,110.39 5,141.68 5,083.35 4,303.2
IL-22 (a) 4,445.78 3,935.41 4,407.71 4,851.66 5,264.01 5,724.97
IL-22 (b) 4,603.76 4,005.89 4,335.61 4,799 5,001.53 5,396.87
IL-23 (a) 3,846.29 3,558.7 3,796.87 3,971.05 3,941.08 4,162.24
IL-23 (b) 4,069.89 3,806.59 3,885.18 3,886.8 3,973.48 4,344.52
IL-24 (a) 4,102.29 4,088.52 3,947.56 4,117.68 4,048.82 4,259.46
IL-24 (b) 4,041.53 3,965.38 3,919.2 4,386.65 4,013.18 4,218.95
IL-27 (a) 4,251.35 4,025.33 4,457.13 4,581.08 4,557.58 5,665.84
IL-27 (b) 4,255.41 4,412.57 4,573.78 4,509.78 4,658.85 5,732.27
IL-3 (a) 4,086.9 3,843.86 3,959.71 4,289.43 4,500.87 4,009.13
IL-3 (b) 3,940.27 3,741.78 3,863.3 4,096.62 4,577.03 4,127.41
IL-31 (a) 3,528.72 3,979.96 3,889.23 4,052.87 4,081.23 3,950.8
IL-31 (b) 3,932.16 3,999.41 4,106.34 4,044.77 4,089.33 4,005.89
IL-32 alpha/beta/gamma (a) 4,115.25 3,886.8 4,007.51 4,043.15 4,014.8 4,300.77
IL-32 alpha/beta/gamma (b) 4,059.35 3,859.25 3,970.24 4,235.15 4,052.06 4,145.23
IL-33 (a) 3,706.95 4,003.46 4,244.87 3,941.89 3,911.91 4,107.15
IL-33 (b) 3,757.18 3,985.63 4,131.46 3,962.95 3,880.32 4,042.34
IL-34 (a) 4,701.78 3,842.24 4,161.43 4,688.82 4,532.47 4,154.95
IL-34 (b) 4,230.29 3,659.96 4,168.72 4,468.47 3,971.05 4,130.65
IL-4 (a) 4,349.38 3,886.8 4,282.95 4,479.81 4,827.35 5,532.16
IL-4 (b) 4,699.35 4,118.49 4,379.35 4,692.87 4,556.77 4,837.89
IL-5 (a) 3,546.54 3,724.77 3,986.44 4,411.76 3,938.65 3,920.82
IL-5 (b) 3,728.82 3,836.57 4,068.27 4,496.01 3,728.82 4,085.28
IL-6 (a) 4,662.09 4,062.59 4,993.43 6,101.68 5,687.71 7,356.57
IL-6 (b) 4,914.04 4,336.42 4,918.09 6,555.35 5,499.76 7,184.01
IL-8 (a) 4,903.51 4,905.94 4,929.43 5,752.52 8,023.3 5,511.1
IL-8 (b) 4,858.95 5,515.15 5,102.8 6,408.72 9,343.81 5,345.03
IP-10 (a) 4,361.53 4,318.59 4,184.92 4,305.63 4,607.81 4,610.24
IP-10 (b) 4,343.71 4,265.94 4,283.76 4,282.95 4,440.92 4,892.97
Kallikrein 3 (a) 4,473.33 4,349.38 4,574.59 5,565.38 4,556.77 7,008.22
Kallikrein 3 (b) 4,972.37 4,354.24 4,743.1 6,244.27 4,866.24 7,281.23
Leptin (a) 4,009.94 6,708.47 26,090.75 4,730.14 40,552.32 36,914.04
Leptin (b) 4,167.91 6,688.22 27,488.22 4,575.41 41,138.04 37,633.43
LIF (a) 4,118.49 3,816.32 4,092.57 3,856.01 4,039.91 3,962.14
LIF (b) 3,633.23 3,843.86 4,031 3,995.35 3,875.46 4,271.61
Lipocalin-2 (a) 43,935.41 41,867.96 39,126.49 41,435.35 41,511.51 44,251.35
Lipocalin-2 (b) 42,157.18 40,065.43 39,346.85 41,650.85 41,312.22 43,188.47
M-CSF (a) 5,320.72 4,393.94 4,261.89 6,151.91 4,873.53 6,012.57
M-CSF (b) 5,098.75 4,561.63 4,749.58 6,142.19 4,753.63 6,559.41
MCP-1 (a) 5,313.43 5,227.56 5,993.13 9,079.71 6,985.53 14,634.75
MCP-1 (b) 4,936.72 5,204.06 5,654.49 8,602.54 6,074.14 11,991.3
MCP-3 (a) 3,806.59 3,890.04 3,933.78 4,022.09 3,935.41 4,043.15
MCP-3 (b) 3,792.01 3,919.2 3,957.28 4,224.62 3,920.01 4,031.81
MIF (a) 9,643.56 12,099.05 8,366.8 15,056.82 16,461.58 17,806.39
MIF (b) 9,532.57 12,142.8 8,414.59 14,255.61 17,626.54 17,547.96
MIG (a) 3,928.92 4,771.46 5,245.38 4,417.43 4,513.03 4,763.35
MIG (b) 4,235.15 4,636.16 5,233.23 4,153.33 4,291.05 4,708.27
MIP-1 alpha/MIP-1 beta (a) 3,694.8 4,078.8 3,980.77 3,967.81 3,962.14 4,036.67
MIP-1 alpha/MIP-1 beta (b) 3,646.19 3,876.27 3,900.57 3,821.18 3,834.14 3,997.78
MIP-3 alpha (a) 3,893.28 3,971.86 3,994.54 4,037.48 3,870.59 4,249.73
MIP-3 alpha (b) 3,866.54 3,984.82 3,834.95 3,826.85 3,540.87 4,304.82
MIP-3 beta (a) 4,088.52 4,418.24 5,205.68 4,895.41 4,685.58 11,016.72
MIP-3 beta (b) 4,434.44 4,816.82 5,439 5,373.38 5,195.15 12,375.3
MMP-9 (a) 23,242.34 34,550.9 15,947.96 29,369.33 37,898.34 40,125.38
MMP-9 (b) 25,308.16 34,780.16 16,929.84 31,836.97 38,814.59 39,637.68
Myeloperoxidase (a) 3,970.24 4,069.89 4,524.37 4,204.37 4,671.81 19,131.76
Myeloperoxidase (b) 4,359.91 4,394.75 5,002.34 4,585.94 5,274.54 19,384.52
Negative control (a) 3,448.52 3,720.72 3,973.48 3,852.77 3,876.27 3,941.08
Negative control (b) 3,488.22 3,738.54 3,813.89 3,635.66 3,503.61 3,740.97
Osteopontin (OPN) (a) 35,660.77 35,127.71 35,876.27 35,597.58 39,423 41,934.39
Osteopontin (OPN) (b) 36,302.39 35,356.16 34,507.15 35,870.59 40,054.09 41,600.62
PDGF-AA (a) 7,590.7 10,172.57 5,582.39 17,538.24 12,287 8,497.23
PDGF-AA (b) 7,337.13 9,839.61 5,358.8 16,857.73 12,153.33 8,374.09
PDGF-AB/BB (a) 4,656.42 9,930.34 4,157.38 7,457.84 6,683.35 5,321.53
PDGF-AB/BB (b) 4,247.3 9,611.96 4,457.13 8,148.87 6,633.13 5,191.1
Pentraxin-3 (a) 6,212.67 4,910.8 6,694.7 7,769.73 6,323.66 11,477.68
Pentraxin-3 (b) 6,906.14 5,627.76 7,960.11 8,374.9 6,168.92 12,158.19
PF4/CXCL4 (a) 57,154.24 54,213.48 54,479.2 40,127 41,249.84 45,182.19
PF4/CXCL4 (b) 52,260.27 54,831.61 53,351.51 38,979.86 41,018.95 45,058.24
RAGE (a) 6,634.75 4,277.28 4,565.68 4,534.09 5,084.16 5,582.39
RAGE (b) 7,128.11 4,494.39 4,644.27 4,949.68 5,119.81 5,895.1
RANTES (a) 39,853.99 41,006.8 23,384.11 45,642.34 41,897.13 35,163.35
RANTES (b) 40,141.58 38,945.84 24,694.9 45,287.51 42,260.87 36,268.37
RBP-4 (a) 59,311.61 59,420.97 57,823.41 61,807.61 61,830.29 61,105.23
RBP-4 (b) 60,585.94 58,495.81 56,527.2 61,684.47 62,564.27 62,118.7
Relaxin-2 (a) 3,940.27 4,339.66 4,516.27 4,402.85 5,694.19 5,046.09
Relaxin-2 (b) 3,683.46 4,056.11 3,951.61 4,247.3 4,157.38 4,338.04
Resistin (a) 22,460.57 23,546.14 13,109.28 18,477.18 12,946.44 16,427.56
Resistin (b) 25,428.87 26,247.91 14,527 20,014.8 14,277.48 17,829.89
Reference spot (a) 43,270.29 44,483.05 46,708.47 48,631.71 51,555.46 44,853.28
Reference spot (b) 43,865.73 47,107.86 47,260.16 51,318.9 54,133.28 44,536.52
Reference spot (c) 40,843.96 43,431.51 44,969.94 47,970.65 47,593.94 46,937.73
Reference spot (d) 40,363.56 41,449.13 46,931.25 45,922.65 46,817.84 45,675.56
Reference spot (e) 45,060.67 44,535.71 51,301.89 50,129.63 46,112.22 49,145.33
Reference spot (f) 45,392.82 43,874.65 50,541.99 50,559.81 47,414.09 46,031.2
SDF-1 alpha (a) 12,247.3 9,244.16 11,033.73 14,233.73 13,702.29 19,557.08
SDF-1 alpha (b) 12,442.54 9,387.56 11,042.65 14,194.85 15,915.56 20,809.53
Serpin E1 (a) 36,192.22 23,763.25 36,764.97 36,454.7 25,714.04 38,797.58
Serpin E1 (b) 36,995.86 24,715.96 37,941.28 33,866.34 25,931.15 38,634.75
SHBG (a) 35,062.9 32,288.22 34,419.66 38,209.43 40,391.91 40,647.91
SHBG (b) 35,193.33 32,938.75 34,617.33 37,376.62 39,661.99 40,765.38
ST2 (a) 34,708.06 15,909.08 22,115.46 21,848.92 21,605.89 38,766.8
ST2 (b) 35,595.96 15,280.42 19,803.35 21,790.59 21,298.85 40,306.04
TARC (a) 4,385.03 4,347.76 4,249.73 5,221.08 4,581.08 4,813.58
TARC (b) 4,238.39 4,371.25 4,268.37 4,600.52 4,139.56 4,319.41
TFF-3 (a) 37,903.2 32,803.46 36,916.47 33,532.57 33,399.71 42,076.16
TFF-3 (b) 38,931.25 34,200.92 36,656.42 32,316.57 32,713.53 42,152.32
TfR (a) 8,589.58 6,511.61 9,298.44 8,067.05 10,470.7 13,206.49
TfR (b) 8,161.84 7,329.03 9,261.18 8,732.97 10,000.82 13,151.41
TGF-alpha (a) 3,949.99 3,910.29 4,101.48 4,034.24 4,338.85 3,990.49
TGF-alpha (b) 3,864.92 3,996.97 3,745.84 3,865.73 3,974.29 3,968.62
Thrombospondin-1 (a) 4,435.25 5,100.37 4,409.33 6,684.97 5,485.18 5,276.16
Thrombospondin-1 (b) 4,881.63 5,009.63 4,615.91 6,491.35 5,996.37 5,273.73
TNF alpha (a) 5,760.62 5,607.51 4,503.3 6,394.14 5,771.15 4,923.76
TNF alpha (b) 6,222.39 6,630.7 4,880.82 7,233.43 7,845.89 6,816.22
uPAR (a) 19,002.95 8,170.75 10,615.71 11,935.41 11,684.27 26,396.97
uPAR (b) 18,230.09 7,806.19 9,293.58 12,140.37 9,696.22 25,731.86
VEGF (a) 4,252.97 4,357.48 4,556.77 4,261.89 4,148.47 5,153.03
VEGF (b) 4,269.18 4,482.24 4,497.63 4,239.2 3,846.29 5,170.85
Vitamin D BP (a) 50,776.92 48,411.35 51,728.82 51,765.28 33,650.85 53,288.32
Vitamin D BP (b) 49,500.16 47,619.05 51,398.29 51,286.49 32,974.39 55,137.03
Note

BAFF: B cell activating factor; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BP: binding protein; EGF: epidermal growth factor; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; G-CSF: granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; GDF: growth differentiation factor; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; GRO alpha: growth-regulated alpha protein; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; ICAM-1: intercellular adhesion molecule 1; IFN: interferon; IGFBP: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein; IL: interleukin; I-TAC: interferon-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant; LIF: leukemia inhibitory factor; MCP: monocyte chemotactic protein; M-CSF: macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MIF: macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MIP: macrophage inflammatory protein; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; RAGE: receptor for advanced glycation endproducts; RANTES: regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; RBP: retinol-binding protein; SDF: stromal cell-derived factor; SHBG: sex hormone–binding globulin; TARC: thymus and activation regulated chemokine; TFF: trefoil factor; TfR: transferrin receptor; TGF: transforming growth factor; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; uPAR: urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.