Table 2.
Demographic features of the study population
| Variable | Group 1 (N = 20) |
Group 2 (N = 10) |
Group 3 (N = 20) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GA at birth, w | 26.2 ± 1.7 | 26.2 ± 0.6 | 38.6 ± 1.1 | <0.001a |
| Birth weight, g | 772.7 ± 271 | 704.8 ± 53 | 3,402 ± 472 | <0.001a |
| GA at assessment, w | 36.5 ± 0.1 | 36.5 ± 0.1 | 38.6 ± 1.1 | <0.001a |
| Weight at assessment, g | 1,898 ± 409 | 1,943.5 ± 206 | 3,403 ± 472 | <0.001a |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 11 (55) | 4 (40) | 11 (55) | 0.81 |
| Prolonged rupture of membranes (>18 h), no. (%) | 2 (10) | 1 (10) | 2 (10) | 1.00 |
| Antenatal steroids, no. (%) | 19 (95) | 10 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001a |
| Mode of delivery, no. (%) | ||||
| Vaginal | 7 (35) | 4 (40) | 9 (45) | 0.93 |
| Cesarean | 13 (65) | 6 (60) | 11 (55) | |
| Surfactant replacement therapy, no. (%) | 19 (95) | 10 (100) | 0 (0) | <0.001a |
| Pulmonary hemorrhage, no. (%) | 1 (5) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 0.67 |
| Medical treatment for PDA, no. (%) | 9 (45) | 4 (40) | 0 (0) | 0.001a |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis, no. (%) | 1 (5) | 1 (10) | 0 (0) | 0.67 |
| Culture proven sepsis anytime during stay, no. (%) | 7 (35) | 3 (30) | 0 (0) | 0.008a |
| Discharge with home oxygen, no. (%) | 15 (75) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | <0.001b |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80 ± 6 | 70 ± 2 | 66 ± 5 | <0.001b |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 44 ± 5 | 41 ± 2 | 40 ± 4 | 0.02a |
| Mean blood pressure, mmHg | 57 ± 5 | 49 ± 3 | 48 ± 4 | <0.001b |
Note
Except where otherwise noted, data are mean value ± standard deviation. BW: birth weight; GA: gestational age; group 1: preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); group 2: preterm infants with no BPD; group 3: term healthy infants; PDA: patent ductus arteriosus.
a
Group 1 versus group 3 is significant (P < 0.05).
b
Group 1 versus group 2 and group 1 versus group 3 are significant (P < 0.05).