. 2016 Dec;6(4):508–515. doi: 10.1086/688641

Table 3.

Comparison of echocardiographic parameters in the study population

				P
Variable	BPD group (N = 20)	Preterm no BPD group (N = 10)	Term infants (N = 20)	Unadjusted overall group effect	GA adjusted group effect	BW adjusted group effect	GA and BW adjusted group effect
Heart rate, beats/min	146 ± 10	152 ± 11	145 ± 8	0.24	0.2	0.13	0.44
Diastolic parameter:
EDT, ms	75.6 ± 7.9	63.6 ± 8.2	60.5 ± 7	<0.0001	0.001	0.001	0.001^a
ESWS, g/cm²	72 ± 10.8	44.2 ± 6.5	41.8 ± 6.4	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^b
E/A	1.07 ± 0.07	0.91 ± 0.04	0.89 ± 0.09	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^b
IVRT, ms	68.8 ± 3.9	58.5 ± 7.8	54.2 ± 5.7	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^a
MVSV, mL/kg	4.7 ± 0.7	5.6 ± 0.6	5.9 ± 0.1	<0.0001	0.01	<0.0001	0.002^b
PV VTI, cm	5.4 ± 1.8	7.8 ± 0.9	8.2 ± 1.3	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^a
Tei index	0.33 ± 0.05	0.28 ± 0.01	0.27 ± 0.05	0.001	0.03	0.004	0.03^a
Systolic parameter:
mVCFc	1.7 ± 0.4	2.7 ± 0.2	3 ± 0.6	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^a
LVSV, mL/kg	1.25 ± 0.32	1.29 ± 0.09	1.32 ± 0.21	0.72	0.03	0.48	0.046
LVO, mL/kg/min	183 ± 45	189 ± 9	191 ± 32	0.75	0.054	0.21	0.03
FS, %	33.1 ± 3.3	33.3 ± 2.8	33.5 ± 0.5	0.96	0.95	0.93	0.92
LVPW, mm	1.98 ± 0.13	4.1 ± .19	5.8 ± 0.13	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001^a

^Note

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. BPD: bronchopulmonary dysplasia; EDT: E wave deceleration time; ESWS: end-systolic wall stress; FS: fractional shortening; IVRT: end-systolic wall stress; LVO: left ventricular output; LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall; LVSV: left ventricular stroke volume; mVCFc: mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening; MVSV: mitral valve stroke volume; PV VTI: pulmonary vein velocity time integral.

BPD group versus No BPD group is significant (P < 0.05).

BPD group versus No BPD group and BPD group versus Term controls are significant (P < 0.05).