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. 2016 Dec 8;36(1):42–60. doi: 10.15252/embj.201695081

Figure 1. TRIM16 recruits IL‐1β to LC3‐positive carrier membranes for secretion.

Figure 1

  1. THP‐1 cells were subjected to knockdowns as indicated and treated with 100 ng/ml LPS overnight, followed by 0.25 mM LLOMe for 3 h, and the levels of IL‐1β were determined in supernatants.
  2. THP‐1 cells were subjected to GABARAP knockdown and processed as in (A).
  3. IL‐1β levels in supernatants of THP‐1 cells subjected to TRIM knockdowns and treated with LPS and then with LLOMe.
  4. Confocal microscopy of THP‐1 cells treated sequentially with LPS and LLOMe and stained for LC3B and TRIM16. Line tracings correspond to arrows. Arrowheads indicate colocalization. Scale bars, 5 μm.
  5. IL‐1β levels in supernatants of THP‐1 cells subjected to TRIM knockdowns and treated with LPS and then with LLOMe.
  6. Levels of IL‐1β were determined in supernatants from THP‐1 cells subjected to knockdown as indicated, treated with 100 ng/ml LPS overnight and then with 0.25 mM of Silica, Alum, or monosodium urate (MSU).
  7. IL‐1β in supernatants of primary human macrophages (MDM) subjected to knockdowns and sequentially treated with LPS and LLOMe.
Data information: Means ± SEM; n ≥ 5, except for (B) where a representative data set from three repeats. *P < 0.05 (t‐test for B, C, D, G; ANOVA for A, E, F).