Table 1.
Participant characteristics and other measurement data
| Total (N = 123) |
Men (N = 31) |
Women (N = 92) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Characteristics | ||||
| Age | 75.4 ± 5.2 | 78.2 ± 6.2 | 74.5 ± 4.5 | 0.00 |
| Height (m) | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | 0.00 |
| Weight (kg) | 53.3 ± 8.1 | 57.3 ± 8.0 | 51.9 ± 7.7 | 0.00 |
| Body fat (%) | 29.6 ± 7.5 | 23.6 ± 6.9 | 31.6 ± 6.6 | 0.00 |
| Disease | ||||
| Musculoskeletal disease (N) | 18 | 1 | 17 | |
| Cardiovascular disease (N) | 34 | 8 | 26 | |
| Endocrine disease and metabolic disease (N) | 18 | 2 | 16 | |
| Digestive disease (N) | 11 | 6 | 5 | |
| Neoplasm (N) | 9 | 4 | 5 | |
| Skeletal Muscle Mass | ||||
| Upper limbs (kg) | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 0.00 |
| Lower limbs (kg) | 11.1 ± 2.3 | 13.6 ± 2.1 | 10.4 ± 1.6 | 0.00 |
| Total (kg) | 29.4 ± 8.4 | 35.6 ± 8.6 | 27.3 ± 7.2 | 0.00 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.9 ± 0.6 | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 0.00 |
| Physical Function | ||||
| Knee extension muscle strength (kgf) | 21.5 ± 7.7 | 28.8 ± 9.3 | 19.1 ± 5.1 | 0.00 |
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 22.3 ± 5.4 | 28.7 ± 5.3 | 20.1 ± 3.3 | 0.00 |
| Walking speed (m/sec) | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.04 |
| Unipedal standing (sec) | 32.8 ± 21.6 | 31.0 ± 19.6 | 33.5 ± 22.3 | 0.58 |
| Judgement result | ||||
| Sarcopenia, n (%) | 20(16) | 8(26) | 12(13) | 0.09 |
| Dynapenia, n (%) | 30(24) | 4(13) | 26(28) | 0.08 |
| Frailty, n (%) | 7(6) | 2(6) | 5(5) | 0.81 |
| Static balance ability decline, n (%) | 61(50) | 16(52) | 45(49) | 0.57 |
| TMIG-IC (Score) | 11.8 ± 1.5 | 11.4 ± 1.7 | 11.9 ± 1.5 | 0.10 |
SMI skeletal muscle mass index, TMIG-IC the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence