Table 2.
Operative and Postoperative Characteristics
| Preimplementation (n=32) | Postimplementation (n=24) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surgical procedure | 0.03 | ||
| 4 mm Sano | 3 (9) | 0 | |
| 5 mm Sano | 20 (63) | 14 (58) | |
| 6 mm Sano | 5 (16) | 4 (17) | |
| 3.5 mm modified BT shunt | 4 (13) | 1 (4) | |
| Saphenous vein RV‐PA graft | 0 | 5 (21) | |
| Operative times, minutes | |||
| Total cardiopulmonary bypass | 163±32 | 177±47 | 0.18 |
| Cross‐clamp | 121±29 | 92±32 | <0.001 |
| Regional perfusion | 87±21 | 68.7±26 | 0.005 |
| Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest | 23 [14, 37] | 8.5 [5, 15] | <0.001 |
| Mean hematocrit on CPB, % | 33.5±6.3 | 34.8±5.5 | 0.07 |
| Postoperative course and clinical outcomes | |||
| Incidence of CPR | 8 (25) | 1 (4) | 0.04 |
| Incidence of ECMO in ICU | 8 (25) | 1 (4) | 0.04 |
| Incidence of ECMO in OR | 1 (3) | 3 (13) | 0.18 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, days | 10 [7, 17] | 10.5 [7.3, 17.8] | 0.69 |
| Duration of ICU length of stay | 15.5 [11.3, 23.8] | 18 [13.3, 24.5] | 0.41 |
| Incidence of delayed sternal closure | 28 (88) | 24 (100) | 0.13 |
| Time to sternal closure, days | 5.8±5.4 | 7.0±5.5 | 0.45 |
| Survival to hospital discharge | 28 (88) | 23 (96) | 0.38 |
Plus‐minus values represent means±SD. Bracketed values follow median and represent interquartile range. Parentheses represent percentage of cohort. BT shunt indicates Blalock‐Taussig shunt; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU, intensive care unit; RV‐PA, right ventricular to pulmonary artery.