Table 2.
HOMA‐IR, HOMA‐β, Composite Index values and fasted blood measurements at baseline and follow‐up
| MOD | VIG | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Follow‐up | Δ (95% CI) | Baseline | Follow‐up | Δ (95% CI) | |
| HOMA‐IR | 1.98 ± 1.06 | 1.65 ± 0.82 | −0.33 (−0.17–0.82) | 2.36 ± 2.18 | 1.41 ± 1.45 | −0.95 (0.44–1.46)a |
| HOMA‐β (%) | 99 ± 58 | 76 ± 33 | −22 (−4–48) | 84 ± 44 | 52 ± 19 | −31 (13–50)a |
| Insulin sensitivity index (comp) | 5.6 ± 3.6 | 6.1 ± 2.6 | 0.5 (−1.0–2.1) | 5.9 ± 3.3 | 8.1 ± 3.5 | 2.2 (1.2–3.3)a |
| Adiponectin (μg mL−1) | 8.7 ± 4.6 | 7.9 ± 4.5 | −0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 8.9 ± 6.2 | 7.6 ± 4.9 | −1.3 (−0.1–2.6)a |
| Leptin (ng mL−1) | 14.6 ± 9.7 | 9.2 ± 6.4 | −5.4 (3.2–7.6) | 14.7 ± 10.6 | 7.7 ± 6.9 | −7.0 (4.0–10.0)a |
| Total cholesterol (mmol L−1) | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 5.9 ± 1.0 | −0.3 (0.0–0.5) | 5.8 ± 1.6 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | −0.6 (0.0–1.1)a |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol L−1) | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.0 (0.0–0.1) | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | −0.1 (0.0–0.2)a |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol L−1) | 4.4 ± 1.0 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | −0.2 (−0.1–0.4) | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | −0.4 (−0.1–0.9)a |
| NEFA (mmol L−1) | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.0 (−0.1–0.1) | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.1 (0.0–0.2) |
| TAG (mmol L−1) | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | −0.2 (0.0–0.5) | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | −0.3 (0.1–0.5)a |
| ALT (U L−1) | 32 ± 20 | 27 ± 13 | −5 (−0.6–10.7) | 38 ± 21 | 31 ± 15 | −7 (−0.3–14.1)a |
| CRP (mg L−1) | 2.6 ± 1.7 | 2.0 ± 1.2 | −0.6 (0.0–1.1) | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | −0.5 (0.3–0.8)a |
| IL‐6 (pg mL−1) | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | −0.1 (0.0–0.3) | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | −0.1 (−0.2–0.3) |
| Whole blood WBC (×109 L−1) | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | −0.6 (0.2–1.0) | 5.3 ± 1.2 | 4.7 ± 1.0 | −0.7 (0.2–1.1)a |
Mean ± SD. Change scores shown with 95% confidence intervals.
a
Main effect of day (i.e., Day 1 vs. Day 21 both groups; P ≤ 0.05).