Table 1.
Summary of the tracking dataset of humpback whales equipped at Sainte Marie channel (SM) and Anakao (AK) and main characteristics of breeding movements based on switching state space model (SSSM) positions estimated every 12 h. Group types include singleton, S; pair, P; competitive group, CG; non-competitive group, NCG; mother--calf pair, MC; mother--calf escort, MCE; mother--calf with more than one escort, MCES. Whale's tracks are defined by coastal (C) or/and oceanic (O) movements. Means are expressed ± s.e. Asterisks indicate that mean values were computed on all location values, whereas mean values used in statistical tests were computed by individual.
| whale id | tag location | sex | group type | tag date | tag longevity (days) | number of location data points | number of estimated locations after application of SSSM | type of movements | travelled distance per day (km) | b-mode average | observed swimming speed (m s−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SM | M | S | 24 July 2012 | 32 | 123 | — | — | |||
| 3 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| 13 | — | 27 | C, O | 47 ± 6.88 | 1.26 | 1.02 ± 0.12 | |||||
| 2 | SM | M | CG | 30 July 2012 | 31 | 231 | 62 | C | 22 ± 2.4 | 1.88 | 0.46 ± 0.03 |
| 3 | SM | M | P | 30 July 2012 | 20 | 169 | 41 | C | 29 ± 2.97 | 1.63 | 0.62 ± 0.09 |
| 4 | SM | F | MC | 31 July 2012 | 25 | 58 | — | — | |||
| 8 | — | 17 | C | 34 ± 8.6 | 1.44 | 0.72 ± 0.17 | |||||
| 4 | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| 5 | SM | M | MCE | 01 August 2012 | 5 | 21 | — | — | — | ||
| 6 | SM | M | P | 31 July 2012 | 10 | 71 | 20 | C | 31 ± 4.4 | 1.79 | 0.65 ± 0.09 |
| 7 | SM | F | MC | 31 July 2012 | 13 | 102 | 27 | C, O | 38 ± 3.6 | 1.05 | 0.85 ± 0.09 |
| 8 | SM | M | CG | 01 August 2012 | 3 | 21 | — | — | — | ||
| 9 | SM | F | CG | 01 August 2012 | 58 | 368 | 116 | C, P | 44 ± 2.8 | 1.19 | 1 ± 0.06 |
| 10 | SM | F | MC | 01 August 2012 | 30 | 222 | 61 | C | 29 ± 3.2 | 1.32 | 0.6 ± 0.06 |
| 11 | SM | M | CG | 03 August 2012 | 15 | 104 | 30 | C | 28 ± 4.9 | 1.65 | 0.6 ± 0.12 |
| 12 | SM | F | CG | 03 August 2012 | 23 | 196 | 46 | C, O | 43 ± 4.8 | 1.05 | 0.9 ± 0.09 |
| 13 | AK | unknown | NCG | 16 July 2013 | 15 | 206 | 31 | C, O | 37 ± 3.6 | 1.25 | 0.86 ± 0.09 |
| 14 | AK | F | P | 17 July 2013 | 21 | 8 | — | — | — | ||
| 15 | AK | F | P | 17 July 2013 | 42 | 473 | 85 | C | 37. ± 3.1 | 1.17 | 0.8 ± 0.06 |
| 16 | AK | F | P | 17 July 2013 | 2 | 13 | — | — | — | ||
| 17 | AK | M | P | 17 July 2013 | 34 | 480 | 68 | C, O | 30 ± 2.6 | 1.24 | 0.71 ± 0.73 |
| 18 | AK | M | CG | 21 July 2013 | 23 | 307 | 45 | C | 30 ± 2.5 | 1.57 | 0.7 ± 0.06 |
| 19 | AK | M | CG | 21 July 2013 | 8 | 85 | 10 | C | 54 ± 9.3 | 1.39 | 0.96 ± 0.12 |
| 20 | AK | F | MBE | 23 July 2013 | 23 | 269 | 36 | C | 44 ± 5.7 | 1.03 | 0.83 ± 0.06 |
| 21 | AK | F | CG | 25 July 2013 | 17 | 129 | 34 | C | 28 ± 3.9 | 1.31 | 0.6 ± 0.06 |
| 22 | AK | F | NCG | 27 July 2013 | 56 | 786 | 105 | C, O | 32 ± 1.9 | 1.24 | 0.74 ± 0.06 |
| 23 | AK | F | MC | 28 July 2013 | 52 | 807 | 104 | C | 22 ± 1.8 | 1.17 | 0.48 ± 0.03 |
| 24 | SM | M | MCES | 21 August 2014 | 4 | 15 | — | — | — | ||
| 25 | SM | F | MC | 23 August 2014 | 37 | 367 | 74 | C | 23 ± 2.06 | 1.36 | 0.52 ± 0.06 |
| C | 1.34 ± 0.01* | 0.8 ± 0.02* | |||||||||
| O | 1.14 ± 0.01* | 1.12 ± 0.05* | |||||||||
| O (whale 22 not included) | 1.17 ± 0.02* | 1.21 ± 0.08* |