Figure 11.

kns4 has defects in sexual reproduction. A to C, Morphological phenotypes of fully elongated fruit length (A) and seed set (number of seeds per upper and lower half of fruit; B and C) were observed and quantified. Error bars indicate SD. *P < 0.0001 in a Student’s t-test, wild type (Col-0) compared to kns4-2 and kns4-3 in (A) and (B). D, Reciprocal crosses between wild type and kns4-2. Fruits 7 d after pollination are shown. Dissection of fruits from kns4-2-pollinated wild-type pistils revealed formation of fewer seeds (black arrows) and many unfertilized ovules (white arrowheads), indicating lower probability of ovule fertilization by kns4 pollen. E, wild-type, or kns4-2 pollen tubes growing in vivo in manually pollinated wild-type pistils stained with aniline blue after 24 h. Staining appears as a bright light blue color. Scale bar = 2 mm in (C), 500 μm in (D) and 5 mm in (E). L, lower; U, upper.