Table 2.
Patient and hip characteristics by outcome
| Patient characteristics | Asymptomatic (n = 64) | Symptomatic (n = 31) | Replaced (n = 26) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Frequency | p value† | Frequency | p value‡ | |
| Age continuous (years; mean ± SD) | 25 ± 9 | 27 ± 8 | 0.32 | 33 ± 6 | < 0.001 |
| Age group | |||||
| ≤ 25 years | 40 (63%) | 12 (39%) | 0.06 | 3 (13%) | < 0.001 |
| > 25 years | 24 (38%) | 19 (61%) | 21 (88%) | ||
| Sex (% male) | 11 (17%) | 2 (7%) | 0.19 | 2 (8%) | 0.27 |
| BMI* | 26 ± 5 | 28 ± 7 | 0.53 | 25 ± 6 | 0.62 |
| Clinically diagnosed depression* | 3 (7%) | 7 (37%) | 0.04 | 1 (20%) | 0.38 |
| Side (% right) | 35 (56%) | 11 (36%) | 0.74 | 16 (62%) | 0.10 |
| Additional procedures | |||||
| Surgical | 7 (11%) | 3 (11%) | 1.00 | 0 (0%) | – |
| Nonsurgical | 10 (16%) | 12 (44%) | 0.01 | 0 (0%) | – |
| Injection | 2 | 2 | |||
| Medication | 5 | 7 | |||
| Physical therapy | 5 | 4 | |||
| Preoperative characteristics | |||||
| Minimum joint space (mm; mean ± SD) | 4 ± 1 | 4 ± 1 | 0.77 | 3 ± 2 | < 0.001 |
| ≤ 2 mm | 7 (11%) | 2 (7%) | 0.14 | 15 (60%) | < 0.001 |
| 2 mm to < 5 mm | 32 (52%) | 11 (38%) | 7 (28%) | ||
| ≥ 5 mm | 23 (37%) | 16 (55%) | 3 (12%) | ||
| Preoperative joint congruency (% poor/fair) | 9 (14%) | 7 (24%) | 0.28 | 8 (35%) | 0.03 |
| Labral tear | 8 (13%) | 7 (23%) | 0.22 | 7 (27%) | 0.13 |
| Crossover sign (% positive) | 7 (11%) | 8 (28%) | 0.06 | 5 (21%) | 0.24 |
| LCEA Wiberg (degrees; mean ± SD) | 1 ± 8 | −2 ± 8 | 0.15 | −3 ± 11 | 0.09 |
| ACEA Lequesne (degrees; mean ± SD) | 7 ± 10 | 4 ± 10 | 0.19 | 5 ± 11 | 0.50 |
| Tönnis angle (degrees; mean ± SD) | 25 ± 7 | 25 ± 7 | 0.73 | 28 ± 8 | 0.15 |
| Tönnis grade | |||||
| 0 | 35 (57%) | 18 (62%) | 0.56 | 7 (28%) | 0.003 |
| 1 | 15 (24%) | 7 (24%) | 8 (32%) | ||
| 2 | 12 (19%) | 4 (14%) | 7 (28%) | ||
| 3 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (12%) | ||
| Postoperative characteristics | |||||
| Minimum joint space (mm; mean ± SD) | 3 ± 1.09 | 3 ± 1 | 0.43 | 2 ± 1 | < 0.001 |
| ≤ 2 mm | 16 (26%) | 6 (19%) | 0.74 | 15 (63%) | 0.001 |
| 2 mm to < 5 mm | 40 (65%) | 25 (81%) | 9 (38%) | ||
| ≥ 5 mm | 6 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| LCEA Wiberg (degrees; mean ± SD) | 26 ± 8 | 27 ± 8 | 0.82 | 25 ± 11 | 0.51 |
| ACEA Lequesne (degrees; mean ± SD) | 29 ± 9 | 27 ± 6 | 0.43 | 27 ± 11 | 0.48 |
| Tönnis angle (degrees; mean ± SD) | 7 ± 7 | 7 ± 5 | 0.82 | 8 ± 6 | 0.85 |
| Tönnis grade | |||||
| 0 | 22 (36%) | 5 (16%) | 0.33 | 1 (4%) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 23 (37%) | 19 (61%) | 5 (20%) | ||
| 2 | 16 (26%) | 6 (19%) | 11 (44%) | ||
| 3 | 1 (2%) | 1 (3%) | 8 (32%) | ||
* BMI and depression data available for 66 subjects; †p values correspond to comparisons between asymptomatic and symptomatic hips; ‡p values correspond to comparisons between asymptomatic and replaced hips; BMI = body mass index; LCEA = lateral center-edge angle; ACEA = anterior center-edge angle.