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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 11.

Published in final edited form as: J Hum Hypertens. 2016 Aug 11;31(2):145–150. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2016.53

Table 3.

24h Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Biochemical Parameters Response to Dietary Sodium Manipulation in Men and Women

	Men		Women
	Low Sodium	High Sodium	Low Sodium	High Sodium
24h SBP, mmHg	119 ± 1	119 ± 1	112 ± 1^*	114 ± 1^*^†
24h DBP, mmHg	72 ± 1	71 ± 1	70 ± 1	70 ± 1
24h MAP, mmHg	87 ± 1	87 ± 1	84 ± 1^*	85 ± 1^*
Daytime SBP, mmHg	122 ± 1	124 ± 1^†	116 ± 1^*	118 ± 1^*^†
Daytime DBP, mmHg	76 ± 1	75 ± 1	74 ± 1	74 ± 1
Daytime MAP, mmHg	91 ± 1	90 ± 1	88 ± 1^*	89 ± 1
Nocturnal SBP, mmHg	111 ± 1	111 ± 2	103 ± 1^*	106 ± 1^*
Nocturnal DBP, mmHg	64 ± 1	64 ± 1	62 ± 1	63 ± 1
Nocturnal MAP, mmHg	79 ± 1	80 ± 1	76 ± 1^*	78 ± 1
24h Heart Rate, bpm	68 ± 1	65 ± 1	69 ± 2	65 ± 1^†
Daytime Heart Rate, bpm	71 ± 1	68 ± 1	73 ± 2	66 ± 2^†
Nocturnal Heart Rate, bpm	60 ± 1	58 ± 1	61 ± 1	60 ± 1^†
Serum Sodium, mmol·L⁻¹	137.9 ± 0.4	140.0 ± 0.3^†	137.4 ± 0.3	139.5 ± 0.4^†
Serum Potassium, mmol·L⁻¹	4.13 ± 0.08	4.08 ± 0.05	4.02 ± 0.06	3.98 ± 0.06
Serum Chloride, mmol·L⁻¹	101.1 ± 0.5	104.0 ± 0.4^†	102.6 ± 0.3^*	106.4 ± 0.4^*^†
Hemoglobin, g·dL⁻¹	16.0 ± 0.9	15.3 ± 0.8^†	13.0 ± 0.2^*	11.8 ± 0.2^*^†^‡
Hematocrit, %	43 ± 1	42 ± 1	39 ± 1^*	37 ± 1^*^†^‡
Nocturnal DBP Dipping, %	14.7 ± 1.4	13.8 ± 1.8	15.8 ± 1.3	14.9 ± 1.0
Nocturnal MAP Dipping, %	12.9 ± 1.2	11.4 ± 1.4	12.8 ± 1.0	12.5 ± 0.8

Values are means ± SE. DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; MAP, Mean arterial pressure; SBP, Systolic blood pressure.

^*

p <0.05 (men vs. women);

^†

p <0.05 (low sodium vs high sodium);

^‡

p <0.05 (sex x diet).