Table 1.
Patient background before propensity score matching
| Control group (87) | TACE (34) | P | ||||
| Mean, SD | Median [IQR] | Mean, SD | Median [IQR] | |||
| Age (y) | 67, s = 10.8 | 69 [62–74] | 71.0, s = 8.5 | 72.5 [66.8–77.0] | 0.036 | |
| Prior treatment (%) | 17 (20) | 8 (24) | 0.812 | |||
| Gender (male; %) | 73 (84) | 30 (88) | 0.777 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9, s = 3.0 | 22.8 [21.1–24.5] | 23.1, s = 2.8 | 24.2 [20.6–25.4] | 0.737 | |
| Cause of hepatitis (%) | NBNC | 15 (17) | 4 (11) | 0.098 | ||
| HBV | 39 (45) | 10 (29) | ||||
| HCV | 24 (28) | 14 (41) | ||||
| Alcohol | 9 (10) | 5 (15) | ||||
| Other | 1 (1) | 3 (9) | ||||
| Child-Pugh score (%) | 5 | 70 (80) | 26 (76) | 0.538 | ||
| 6 | 13 (15) | 8 (24) | ||||
| 7 | 2 (2) | 0 | ||||
| 8 | 2 (2) | 0 | ||||
| Comorbidity (%) | Cardio-vascular disease | 9 (10) | 5 (15) | 0.534 | ||
| Diabetes | 27 (31) | 11 (32) | 1.000 | |||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 17.6, s = 9.1 | 0.75 [0.66–0.88] | 0.78, s = 0.13 | 0.8 [0.70–0.87] | 0.321 | |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9, s = 0.5 | 4 [3.6–4.3] | 3.9, s = 0.42 | 3.9 [3.7–4.2] | 0.504 | |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.73, s = 0.27 | 0.7 [0.5–0.9] | 0.68, s = 0.22 | 0.7 [0.5–0.8] | 0.292 | |
| AST (IU/L) | 38.5, s = 21.9 | 31 [23.5–48] | 37.8, s = 21.9 | 33 [26.8–39.0] | 0.881 | |
| ALT(IU/L) | 41.2, s = 46.2 | 26 [19–46] | 36.3, s = 24.7 | 30 [23.3–39.8] | 0.451 | |
| Cholinesterase (IU/L) | 195.1, s = 74.3 | 196.5 [135.2–241.5] | 205.6, s = 80.0 | 191.5 [152.8–249.5] | 0.510 | |
| AFP (ng/mL) | 7645.4, s = 39707 | 9.8 [3.7–80.5] | 1251.4, s = 4445.4 | 10.1 [4.3–110] | 0.144 | |
| Platelet (/103μL) | 167, s = 63.2 | 161 [119.5–200.5] | 179.5, s = 80.7 | 172.5 [120.5–213] | 0.420 | |
| Prothrombin time (%) | 86.3, s = 18.0 | 87.7 [78.1–96.6] | 88.8, s = 9.8 | 90 [81–97.6] | 0.340 | |
| ICG-R15 (%) | 13.5, s = 6.9 | 13 [9–16] | 17.8, s = 13.9 | 15 [13–20] | 0.101 | |
| Extent of hepatic resection (%) | Non-anatomic | 38 (44) | 17 (50) | 0.851 | ||
| Segmentectomy | 14 (16) | 4 (12) | ||||
| Sectorectomy | 20 (23) | 7 (21) | ||||
| Lobe hepat-ectomy | 14 (16) | 8 (24) | ||||
| Hemi-hepat-ectomy | 11 (13) | 3 (9) | ||||
| Number of tumor (%) | 1 | 69 (79) | 25 (74) | 0.758 | ||
| 2 | 14 (16) | 8 (24) | ||||
| 3 | 2 (2) | 1 (3) | ||||
| ≥ 4 | 2 (2) | 0 | ||||
| Maximum diameter (mm) | 48.7, s = 41.5 | 30.5 [22–57.3] | 40.8, s = 30.0 | 30 [21.3–48.8] | 0.333 | |
| Histotype (%) | Well | 5 (6) | 3 (9) | 0.106 | ||
| Moderate | 77 (89) | 26 (76) | ||||
| Poor | 3 (3) | 4 (12) | ||||
| NA | 2 (2) | 1 (3) | ||||
| Fibrosis stage* (%) | 0 | 19 (22) | 1 (3) | 0.047 | ||
| 1 | 23 (26) | 7 (21) | ||||
| 2 | 10 (11) | 8 (24) | ||||
| 3 | 8 (9) | 5 (15) | ||||
| 4 | 24 (28) | 8 (24) | ||||
*New Inuyama classification of chronic hepatitis. AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; ICG-R15, 15-minute retention rates of indocyanine green; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not available; NBNC, non-HBV non-HCV hepatitis; TACE, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; y, year(s).