Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | CTEPH group (n = 15, 6.1%) | Non-CTEPH group (n = 231, 93.9%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | |||
| Mean age, yr | 70.8 ± 8.1 | 66.5 ± 12.7 | 0.190 |
| Male sex | 6 (40.0) | 92 (39.8) | 0.989 |
| Body mass index | 23.41 ± 2.81 | 24.13 ± 3.33 | 0.430 |
| Past history, % | |||
| History of operation | 5 (33.3) | 98 (42.4) | 0.489 |
| Malignancy | 4 (26.7) | 69 (29.9) | 1.000 |
| Bedridden state | 3 (20.0) | 69 (29.9) | 0.563 |
| Stroke | 3 (20.0) | 29 (12.6) | 0.423 |
| Chemotherapy | 2 (13.3) | 40 (17.3) | 1.000 |
| Lung disease | 5 (33.3) | 37 (16.0) | 0.084 |
| Spinal cord injury | 1 (6.7) | 8 (3.5) | 0.438 |
| Hormone therapy | 0 | 4 (1.7) | 1.000 |
| Pregnancy/peripartum | 0 | 2 (0.9) | 1.000 |
| Hematologic disease | 1 (6.7) | 12 (5.2) | 0.568 |
| Autoimmune disease | 1 (6.7) | 1 (0.4) | 0.118 |
| Oral contraceptives | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 1.000 |
| Symptoms at admission, % | |||
| Dyspnea | 12 (80.0) | 143 (61.9) | 0.181 |
| Chest pain | 3 (20.0) | 40 (17.3) | 0.731 |
| Cough | 0 | 13 (5.6) | 1.000 |
| Hemoptysis | 1 (6.7) | 6 (2.6) | 0.360 |
| Wheezing | 1 (6.7) | 4 (1.7) | 0.272 |
| Syncope | 0 | 9 (3.9) | 1.000 |
| Leg pain | 2 (13.3) | 44 (19.0) | 0.744 |
| Mental change | 0 | 12 (5.2) | 1.000 |
| Vital sign | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 112.0 ± 20.1 | 111.1 ± 23.1 | 0.876 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 90.5 ± 16.6 | 88.3 ± 19.3 | 0.668 |
| Respiratory rate, /min | 19.9 ± 3.3 | 20.0 ± 2.9 | 0.922 |
| SaO2, % | 92.9 ± 6.5 | 94.7 ± 5.9 | 0.334 |
| Laboratory test | |||
| Troponin I, ng/mL | 0.02 (0.02–0.13) | 0.03 (0.0–0.16) | 0.600 |
| CK-MB, μg/L | 1.91 (0.74–3.73) | 1.71 (0.92–3.69) | 0.898 |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 1.52 (0.24–3.36) | 4.64 (2.47–7.58) | 0.002 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 231.0 (47.0–1,421.4) | 158.0 (29.5–605.4) | 0.353 |
| APE-risk stratification, % | |||
| Low risk group | 2 (13.3) | 94 (40.7) | 0.074 |
| Intermediate risk group | 12 (80) | 116 (50.2) | |
| High risk group | 1 (6.7) | 21 (9.1) |
Values are presented as mean ± SD, number (%), or median (interquartile range).
CTEPH, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; SaO2, oxygen saturation; CK-MB, creatine kinase MB fraction; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; APE, acute pulmonary embolism.