Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics for Study Sample, Units Reporting no Restraint Use, and Units Using Restraint Each Quarter

	Study sample	Units reporting no restraint use	Units using restraint each quarter
Units	3101	2276	63
Medical	1130 (36 %)	637 (28 %)	22 (35 %)
Surgical	622 (20 %)	671 (29 %)	5 (8 %)
Medical-surgical	1349 (44 %)	968 (43 %)	36 (57 %)
Unit census	25.8 ± 9.7	20.5 ± 8.8	27.9 ± 9.7
Patient age	62.1 ± 7.6	60.5 ± 9.5	62.1 ± 9.6
Percent male	45.8 ± 10.9	42.8 ± 14.6	51.4 ± 15.3
TNHPPD	8.5 ± 1.4	8.9 ± 1.8	8.5 ± 1.7
Skill mix	65.3 ± 9.4	66.4 ± 10.6	66.3 ± 10.6
Prevalence, any reason	1.8 ± 1.9	0	8.5 ± 4.9
Prevalence, fall prevention	0.9 ± 1.4	0	4.0 ± 3.5

Mean ± SD computed across units