Figure 4. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) Networks Identified by Ingenuity Analysis in LPS and MPLA Treated Human Blood.

The molecular network of TNF-α identified via Ingenuity analysis in LPS (A) and MPLA (B) treated groups. The analysis was performed in silico using Molecular Activity Predictor analysis of IPA. The genes are represented as colored nodes. The red nodes represent the upregulated genes, while the blue nodes represent the downregulated genes. Color intensity reflects magnitude of change. Genes without color were not affected by the treatment. The network diagram shows the biological relationship between the indicated genes lines: — represents direct physical interactions; ----- represents indirect functional interactions; → represents activation; ┤represents inhibition. The blue lines indicate that the direction of regulation is consistent with IPA prediction. In contrast, yellow lines indicate that the regulation observed is inconsistent with expectations, while grey lines indicate lack of pre-existing data to formulate expectations. Nodes are displayed using various shapes that represent the functional class of the genes.