Table 1.
Means, standard deviations, and correlations between optimism variables
| M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. BHS | 2.06 | 3.35 | — | ||||||||||||||
| 2. LOT-R | 14.81 | 4.61 | −.61** | — | |||||||||||||
| 3. CSQ positive | 5.04 | 0.77 | −.07 | .14* | — | ||||||||||||
| 4. CSQ negative | 4.39 | 1.58 | .14* | −.12* | .35*** | — | |||||||||||
| 5. EQ positive 2 | −16.28 | 22.73 | −.26** | .29*** | .22** | .01 | — | ||||||||||
| 6. EQ positive 1 | 0.32 | 8.75 | −.15** | .23*** | −.08 | −.55*** | .41*** | — | |||||||||
| 7. EQ negative 2 | −12.35 | 12.38 | .19** | −.18** | −.08 | .09 | .02 | −.02 | — | ||||||||
| 8. EQ negative 1 | −4.87 | 8.81 | .21*** | −.15** | −.16** | .01 | .04 | .22** | .66*** | — | |||||||
| 9. Expectation of Control | 46.49 | 19.25 | −.11 | .09 | .11 | .08 | .18** | .14** | −.07 | −.07 | — | ||||||
| 10. Judgement of Control | 55.28 | 26.93 | −.05 | .05 | .08 | .07 | .01 | .07 | −.08 | −.06 | .29*** | — | |||||
| 11. Dice Task avg. conf. | 5.46 | 1.91 | −.11 | .10 | .01 | −.04 | .04 | .05 | −.17** | −.14** | .20** | .04 | — | ||||
| 12. Dice Task avg. bet | 0.80 | 0.95 | .01 | −.03 | .01 | −.05 | .01 | −.03 | −.02 | .03 | −.01 | −.04 | .10 | — | |||
| 13. ECA | −0.01 | 0.56 | −.27** | .25*** | .11 | −.06 | .26*** | .13* | −.19*** | −.22** | .15** | .14** | .08 | −.09 | — | ||
| 14. SP-PIIQA | 0.07 | 0.99 | −.33*** | .31*** | .21** | −.07 | .35*** | .15* | −.15* | −.21** | .07 | .06 | .05 | .01 | .54*** | — | |
| 15. ECB | 0.95 | 0.95 | −.08 | .14* | .01 | <.01 | .08 | .05 | −.19** | −.12* | .15* | .11 | .11 | .01 | .19* | <.01 | — |
| 16. SP-PIIQB | 0.64 | 1.30 | .21** | .27** | .14* | −.17** | .19** | .19** | −.22** | −.19** | .13* | .12* | .04 | .07 | .15* | .40*** | .57*** |
Note:
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001 (Benjamini-Hochberg corrected);
BHS = Beck Hopelessness Scale; LOT-R = Revised Life Orientation Test; CSQ = Cognitive Style Questionnaire; EQ positive/negative 1 = EQ difference score for positive/negative events over three months; EQ positive/negative 2 = EQ difference score for positive/negative events over lifetime; ECA = Conversation task difference score for domain functioning (rating for self minus rating for confederate); ECB = Conversation task difference score for domain functioning (rating for self minus confederate’s rating); SP-PIIQA = Conversation task difference score for personality characteristics (rating for self minus rating for confederate); SP-PIIQB = Conversation task difference score for personality characteristics (rating for self minus confederate’s rating)