Fig 1. Distribution of glucocorticoid receptor and CTCF in human ANGPTL4 gene locus.

(A) Enrichment of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), CTCF, and modified histone H3 in the ANGPTL4 locus of HepG2 cells. KANK3, ANGPTL4, RAB11B-AS, and RAB11B are located across an approximately 80-kb region. The arrow at the transcription start site of each gene indicates the direction of transcription. According to publically available data and our ChIP-Seq results, two GR-binding sites (designated AG1 and AG2) and four CTCF-enriched sites (designated AC1–AC4) are indicated in orange and green, respectively. NC, negative control. Modifications of histone H3, such as acetylation and methylation, are shown. AG2/AC3 sites are close to each other, and AG2 is an enhancer that has been demonstrated in rat cells [15]. (B) Induction of ANGPTL4 transcription by dexamethasone (Dex). HepG2 cells were grown in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% dextran-coated charcoal (DCC)-treated FBS and were treated with Dex (100 nM). Black arrows show the sampling times of the assays. (C) ANGPTL4 as a direct GR target in HepG2 cells. The GR antagonist mifepristone was added to the medium (100 μM for 1 h) before Dex treatment. The relative expression level is indicated as a value normalized to the level of 36B4 mRNA. Asterisks indicate statistically significance between control (Dex 0 h) and Dex-treated cells at each time point. ***P < 0.005.