Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Liver Transplant Recipients Included in the Study (2002–2011)
| Characteristic | All first liver transplants N=32,810 |
|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 55.2 ± 9.9 |
| 18–44, % | 14.9 |
| 45–64, % | 73.5 |
| 65+, % | 11.7 |
| Sex (female), % | 32.6 |
| Recipient race & ethnicity, % | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 73.1 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 9.6 |
| Hispanic | 10.9 |
| Asian | 5.4 |
| Other | 1.0 |
| Primary indication for transplant, % | |
| Hepatitis C | 24.2 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 20.2 |
| Alcohol | 17.5 |
| NASH | 9.7 |
| Cryptogenic | 1.5 |
| Hepatitis B | 2.3 |
| Other | 24.7 |
| Insurance type, % | |
| Private | 62.0 |
| Medicare | 20.6 |
| Medicaid | 13.8 |
| Other | 3.5 |
| Calculated MELD score at LT, mean ± SD | 20.0 ± 11.1 |
| CVD comorbidities present at LT, % | |
| Hypertension | 35.3 |
| Thromboembolism, any | 11.7 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 0.8 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 7.4 |
| Myocardial Infarction | 2.5 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmia, any | 14.7 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6.0 |
| Heart Failure | 3.1 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.4 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.3 |
| Stroke | 1.4 |
| Other medical comorbidities present at LT, % | |
| Obesity | 34.1 |
| Diabetes | 23.6 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 14.0 |
| Asthma/COPD | 10.1 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 3.3 |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 1.7 |
| Complications of ESLD at LT, No (%) | |
| Ascites at transplant | 40.3 |
| Variceal Bleed | 20.6 |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy | 17.5 |
| Transhepatic intravenous portosystemic shunt (TIPS) | 8.3 |
| Hepatorenal syndrome | 14.6 |
| Portal Vein Thrombosis | 6.3 |
| Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) | 2.7 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 3.1 |
| Hepatopulmonary syndrome | 0.3 |
| Charlson Comorbidities, % | |
| 0 | 34.9 |
| 1 | 40.1 |
| 2 | 19.8 |
| 3 | 4.3 |
| 4 | 0.8 |
| 5+ | 0.1 |
| Simultaneous liver-kidney, % | 7.0 |
| Living donor, % | 4.5 |
Abbreviations: No, number; ESLD, end-stage liver disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LT, liver transplant; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; SD, standard deviation