Table 3.
Commercial laparoscopic simulator model comparison: 16 papers describing 14 unique simulators
| Paper | Simulator | Price | Validation | Face validity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | Derossis [72]/Keyser [73] | USSC Laptrainer | – | Yes | 6 (A3 B3) |
| 2000 | |||||
| 2000 | Scott [74] /Nakamura [55] | Karl-Storz | – | Yes | 6 (A3 B3) |
| 2011 | |||||
| 2003 | Adrales [75]/Adrales [76] | US Surgical Trainer | – | Yes | 5 (A2 B3) |
| 2004 | |||||
| 2005 | Waseda [77] | Tuebinger MIC Trainer (Richard Wolf GmbH) | – | No | 6 (A3 B3) |
| 2007 | Hruby [49] | EZ Trainer | $600 (£359.50) | Yes | 1 (A0 B1) |
| 2008 | Dayan [78]/Boon [79] | Simulab Laptrainer | – | Yes | 3 (A0 B3) |
| 2008 | |||||
| 2008 | Singh [80] | iSim | – | Yes | 3 (A1 B2) |
| 2010 | Hull [81] | Body Torso Trainer BTS300D (Pharmabotics) | £390 ($585) + £975 for Box trainer | No | 6 (A3 B3) |
| 2011 | Nakamura [55] | Ethicon TASKit | – | Yes | 6 (A3 B3) |
| 2013 | Xiao [51]/Xiao [52] | Ergo-Lap | $500 (£299.58) | Yes | 5 (A2 B3) |
| 2014 | |||||
| 2014 | Yoon [53] | iTrainer | $100 (£59.92) | Yes | 1 (A0 B1) |
| 2013 | Hennessey [50] | eoSim | $750 (£449.37) | Yes | 3 (A1 B2) |
| FLS simulator | $1680 (£1006.58) | Yes | 5 (A3 B2) | ||