Table-III.

Microscopic morphology within and between groups N=75 (n=25).

S. No	Groups	Characteristics
		Villous immaturity		Chorangiosis		Infarction		Villous fibroid necrosis		Calcification		Syncytial Knots
		P	A	P	A	P	A	P	A	P	A	P	A
1	Group A	4(16%)	21(64%)	6(24%)	19(76%)	7(28%)	18(72%)	18(72%)	7(28%)	11(44%)	14(56%)	4(16%)	21(84%)
2	Group B	10(40%)	15(60%)	13(52%)	12(48%)	14(56%)	11(44%)	19(76%)	6(24%)	10(40%)	15(60%)	14(56%)	11(44%)
3	Group C	5(20%)	20(805)	5(20%)	20(80%)	9(36%)	16(64%)	22(88%)	3(12%)	15(60%)	10(40%)	7(28%)	18(72%)
P-value
4	Group B v/s A	0.05*		0.04*		0.04*		0.74		0.77		0.003*
5	Group C v/s A	>0.9^		0.73		0.54		0.15		0.25		0.3
6	Group B v/s C	0.12		0.01*		0.15		0.24^		0.15		0.04*

Key:Group A: Normal control group, Group B: GDM females on diet control, Group C: Metformin treated group,

^*Statistically significant, P: Present, A: Absent,

^{^}fisher exact test applied due to decrease cell count.