Table 2.
Multivariable Model Comparing Overall Survival and MM Disease‐Specific Survival Among Beta‐Blocker Intake Groups.a
| MM disease‐specific Death | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac med | Event/total |
Cause‐specific hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
Cause‐specific hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
Cause‐specific hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
Cause‐specific hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
| Beta‐blocker | 90/238 | Reference | – | 0.98 (0.75–1.29) | 0.8979 | 0.49 (0.38–0.63) | <0.0001 | 0.53 (0.42–0.67) | <0.0001 |
| Beta‐blocker + others | 127/311 | 1.02 (0.77–1.34) | 0.8979 | Reference | – | 0.50 (0.40–0.62) | <0.0001 | 0.54 (0.44–0.67) | <0.0001 |
| Others | 237/377 | 2.03 (1.59–2.60) | <0.0001 | 1.99 (1.60–2.48) | <0.0001 | Reference | – | 1.08 (0.92–1.28) | .3278 |
| None | 444/812 | 1.87 (1.49–2.36) | <0.0001 | 1.84 (1.50–2.26) | <0.0001 | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 0.3278 | Reference | – |
| Overall Survival | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac med | Event/total |
Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value |
Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
P‐value | ||
| Beta‐blocker | 134/238 | Reference | – | 0.90 (0.72–1.13) | 0.3617 | 0.62 (0.50–0.76) | <0.0001 | 0.67 (0.55–0.81) | <0.0001 |
| Beta‐blocker + others | 204/311 | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 0.3617 | Reference | – | 0.68 (0.57–0.82) | <0.0001 | 0.74 (0.62–0.87) | 0.0004 |
| Others | 287/377 | 1.62 (1.32–2.00) | <0.0001 | 1.47 (1.22–1.76) | <0.0001 | Reference | – | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 0.2912 |
| None | 532/812 | 1.50 (1.24–1.82) | <0.0001 | 1.35 (1.14–1.60) | 0.0004 | 0.92 (0.80–1.07) | 0.2912 | Reference | – |
a
Adjusting for age, sex, PS, ISS, diagnosis year, and all chemotherapy agents. When mSMART risk category of cytogenetic and FISH was included additionally, the results are consistent with what were presented in the table (data not shown).