Table 1.
Indicators of development of the six Emerald study countries
| Ethiopia | India | Nepal | Nigeria | Uganda | South Africa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population density | 94.1 million | 1.3 billion people | 28.4 million | 180,000,000 | 34.6 million | Population: 55 million |
| Government system | Federal Democratic Republic | Exists Democratic governance | Multiparty democracy | Democracy, with a Federation system | Democracy with a decentralized system at local government level | |
| GDP | 61.54 billion current usd | $2.25 trillion nominal; 2016 | 60.4 billion dollars | 415.08 billion US dollars | $26.369 billion current usd (http://data.worldbankorg/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=UG) | Constitutional democracy with a three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary |
| HDI | 0.442 | 0.609 | 0.548 | 0.504 | 0.483 | 312.8 billion USD |
| MH Law | None | Present, MH Care Bill 2013 | Drafted but not yet endorsed | Draft undergoing legislative review | Yes, 1964 | Mental Health Care Act (No. 17 of 2002) |
| MH policy and plan | Integrated into health plan specific National Mental Health Strategy | MH policy 2014, MH plan 365 2014 | Mental health policy 1996. There is no mental health plan. | Revised policy 2013; plan under preparation. | No, standalone (2012) | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan 2013–2020 |
| MH Budget (USD) | Not available | Not available | Not available | No explicit MH budget | Not available | There is no specific budget for mental health at national or provincial level. Mental health services are funded out of general health budgets |
| Percentage of MH budget compared to Health budget | 0.9 | 0.06% | 0.17% | 3.3% | 0.9 | Annually, 4% of the health care budget is spent on mental health |
| Number of psychiatrists (/100,000 population) | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.28 |
| Number of psychiatric nurse (/100,000 population) | 0.58 | 0.12 | 0.27 | 0.7 | 10.08 | |
| Number of doctors (/100,000 population) | 0.022/1000 | 36/100,000 population (allopathic doctors) | 4.9 0.21/1000 |
0.4/1000 | 0.117 (per 1000) | 0.45 |
| Number of nurses (/100,000 population) | Not available | 1010/100,000 | Not available | 1.6 | Not available | 807 nurses to 1 patient (data not available per 100,000 population) |
| Number of mental hospital | 1 | 43 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 23 public mental hospitals |
| Number of psychiatric department in General Hospital | 11 | 10,000 | 17 | 28 | 14 | 41 psychiatric inpatient units |
| Number of General Hospital | 311 | – | Not available | 825 | 155 | 700 |
| Number of psychiatric beds/100,000 population | 0.6 | 1.46 | 1. | 1.3 | 2.77 | 18.0 |