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. 2016 Nov 30;30(1):321–348. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00060-16

FIG 4.

FIG 4

Multifaceted interactions that may influence our understanding of CRS and the progressive course of chronic mucosal inflammation. The interacting effects of epithelial barrier integrity, the host immune response, the resident microbiota (including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea), and treatment courses on one another are likely multidirectional and complex and remain poorly understood.