Table 3. Biochemical analyses for patients with dry eye symptoms who received royal jelly (RJ) or placebo (PB) tablets.
Treatment | Baseline | 8 weeks | p-values | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline vs. 8 wks | PB vs. RJ | |||||
Baseline | 8 wks | |||||
Total protein | PB | 7.34 ± 0.40 | 7.25 ± 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.66 | 1.00 |
RJ | 7.39 ± 0.34 | 7.25 ± 0.42 | 0.05 | |||
GOT | PB | 18.06 ± 4.10 | 19.18 ± 6.82 | 0.38 | 0.40 | 0.49 |
RJ | 21.53 ± 16.86 | 21.8 ± 14.99 | 0.73 | |||
GPT | PB | 16.12 ± 7.11 | 17.67 ± 9.26 | 0.21 | 0.25 | 0.28 |
RJ | 27.68 ± 41.50 | 27.2 ± 36.02 | 0.78 | |||
LDH | PB | 182.59 ± 23.07 | 190.59 ± 56.39 | 0.55 | 0.77 | 0.36 |
RJ | 179.63 ± 34.60 | 176.16 ± 30.20 | 0.17 | |||
ALP | PB | 182.35 ± 59.07 | 175.24 ± 55.79 | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.20 |
RJ | 196.32 ± 47.49 | 199.74 ± 55.72 | 0.44 | |||
γ-GTP | PB | 21.35 ± 8.87 | 21.29 ± 10.12 | 0.94 | 0.65 | 0.75 |
RJ | 23.74 ± 20.85 | 22.90 ± 18.81 | 0.31 | |||
UN | PB | 12.59 ± 2.80 | 11.26 ± 2.70 | 0.005 | 0.50 | 0.38 |
RJ | 12.05 ± 1.94 | 12.13 ± 3.13 | 0.92 | |||
Creatine | PB | 0.77 ± 0.18 | 0.72 ± 0.18 | -*0.004 | 0.86 | 0.87 |
RJ | 0.78 ± 0.13 | 0.73 ± 0.10 | 0.003 | |||
Uric acid | PB | 5.15 ± 1.25 | 5.28 ± 1.39 | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.36 |
RJ | 5.68 ± 1.39 | 5.71 ± 1.36 | 0.86 | |||
Total cholesterol | PB | 200.29 ± 32.96 | 199.47± 36.39 | 0.89 | 0.32 | 0.18 |
RJ | 187.80 ± 40.18 | 182.90 ± 36.90 | 0.20 | |||
LDL-C | PB | 116.65 ± 33.23 | 115.41 ± 31.07 | 0.83 | 0.69 | 0.47 |
RJ | 111.95 ± 37.36 | 107.53 ± 33.72 | 0.15 | |||
HDL-C | PB | 66.82 ± 19.50 | 64.82 ± 19.50 | 0.42 | 0.15 | 0.17 |
RJ | 59.42 ± 9.97 | 57.16 ± 13.22 | 0.15 | |||
Triglyceride | PB | 104.90 ± 43.61 | 101.53 ± 55.80 | 0.76 | 0.69 | 0.74 |
RJ | 98.63 ± 48.76 | 119.68 ± 87.13 | 0.53 | |||
Glucose | PB | 82.59 ± 8.70 | 88.00 ± 1402 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.43 |
RJ | 87.32 ± 14.62 | 91.90 ± 14.91 | 0.31 | |||
HbA1c | PB | 5.15 ± 0.17 | 5.17 ± 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
RJ | 5.33 ± 0.25 | 5.34 ± 0.23 | 0.73 |
AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine transaminase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; γ-GTP, gamma-glutamyl transferase; UN, urea nitrogen; Chol, cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HbA1c; hemoglobin A1c
All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.