Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of individuals with metabolic abnormalities compared to controls
| Metabolic Syndrome (n= 2817) |
Increased waist circumference (n=5316) |
Impaired fasting glucose/ Diabetes (n=1440) |
High Triglyceride level (n=3437) |
Low HDL Levels (n=4088) |
High blood pressure (n=3923) |
Controls (n=3074) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, mean) | 51.0 (0.5) | 47.1 (0.4) | 53.7 (0.5) | 47.3 (0.5) | 43.0 (0.4) | 52.0 (0.5) | 35.6 (0.4) |
| Sex (%, S.E.) | |||||||
| Male | 49.1% (1.3) | 35.9% (1.1) | 49.5% (2.1) | 56.8% (1.0) | 45.2% (0.9) | 53.7% (1.1) | 46.2% (1.2) |
| Race (%, S.E.) | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 77.5% (1.7) | 74.7% (1.3) | 72.2% (2.2) | 79.4% (1.5) | 76.9% (1.6) | 75.3% (1.5) | 76.7% (1.7) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 9.8% (0.7) | 13.1% (0.8) | 14.4% (1.2) | 6.4% (0.5) | 8.7% (0.6) | 14.5% (0.9) | 10.1% (0.8) |
| Mexican-American | 5.5% (0.5) | 5.6% (0.5) | 6.2% (0.5) | 6.4% (0.6) | 5.7% (0.6) | 3.9% (0.3) | 4.9% (0.5) |
| Other | 7.2% (1.1) | 6.6% (1.0) | 7.2% (1.5) | 7.8% (1.2) | 8.7% (1.3) | 6.3% (0.9) | 8.3% (1.1) |
| Education (%, S.E.) | |||||||
| Less than high school | 31.0% (1.7) | 27.1% (1.5) | 34.9% (2.2) | 27.5% (1.7) | 26.7% (1.5) | 29.4% (1.4) | 15.1% (1.2) |
| High school | 36.8% (1.4) | 37.6% (1.0) | 36.6% (2.2) | 35.8% (1.4) | 35.3% (1.4) | 35.6% (1.3) | 31.2% (1.4) |
| More than high school | 32.2% (2.1) | 35.3% (1.6) | 28.5% (2.7) | 36.7% (1.7) | 38.0% (1.8) | 35.0% (1.4) | 53.7% (1.6) |
| Poverty index | |||||||
| Below poverty level | 14.1% (1.2) | 14.8% (1.1) | 14.8% (1.5) | 12.5% (1.2) | 14.1% (1.1) | 10.7% (1.0) | 10.4% (0.9) |
| Current smoker (%, S.E.) | |||||||
| Yes | 25.1% (1.1) | 25.7% (0.9) | 21.1% (2.2) | 29.2% (1.2) | 34.5% (1.3) | 23.6% (1.0) | 26.4% (1.4) |
|
Alcohol use (drinks/day) (mean, S.E.) |
0.2 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.0) | 0.4 (0.0) | 0.4 (0.0) |
| AST level (U/L) (mean, S.E.) | 22.3 (0.4) | 20.9 (0.2) | 21.7 (0.4) | 22.2 (0.3) | 20.7 (0.3) | 22.1 (0.3) | 20.0 (0.2) |
| ALT level (U/L) (mean, S.E.) | 21.0 (0.7) | 18.6 (0.4) | 19.7 (0.6) | 20.7 (0.6) | 18.4 (0.6) | 18.5 (0.5) | 14.9 (0.4) |
Abbreviations: S.E. – standard error, AST – aspartate aminotransferase, ALT – alanine aminotransferase