Fig. 3.

PFK15 suppresses cell proliferation, halts cell cycle and induces cell apoptosis in HNSCC cells. a PFK15 suppressed the colony formation of Cal27 cells in 2 weeks. b EdU incorporation assays indicated PFK15 inhibited the cell proliferation of Cal27 cells. c The quantitative data of the EdU incorporation assays. d PI staining revealed that PFK15 halted cell cycle progression and induced G2 phase arrest. e The quantitative data of cell cycle analysis based on Dean-Jett-Fox model. f Tumor sphere formation assays indicated PFK15 decreased the cancer stem cell population in Cal27 cells. g Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining demonstrated PFK15 induced moderate cell apoptosis of Cal27 cells. h TUNEL assays indicated PFK15 induced apoptotic cell death of Cal27 cells. i Protein expressions of phosphor-Rb (pRb), cyclin D1, Bcl2 and cleaved caspase3 (CL-caspase3) in PFK15 treated Cal27 cells were measured by western blots. Mean ± S.E.M.; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001