. 2017 Jan 7;36:1. doi: 10.1186/s41043-016-0077-6

Table 5.

Relative risk ratios showing influence on modern contraceptive use with traditional method as base outcome

Characteristic predicting modern contraceptive use	Model 1 (demographic) LR χ ² (22) = 2283.0; p < 0.001			Model 2 (socio-economic) LR χ ² (24) =3148.4; p < 0.001			Model 3 (socio-demographic) LR χ ² (46) = 4285.8; p < 0.001			Model 4 (full) LR χ ² (58) 4730.8; p < 0.001
Characteristic predicting modern contraceptive use	RRR	p > \|z\|	95% CI	RRR	p > \|z\|	95% CI	RRR	p > \|z\|	95% CI	RRR	p > \|z\|	95% CI
Maternal age
35–39 years (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
40–44 years	0.891	0.204	0.745 to 1.065				0.895	0.231	0.747 to 1.073	0.883	0.182	0.736 to 1.060
45–49 years	1.061	0.618	0.841 to 1.338				1.117	0.355	0.883 to 1.413	1.107	0.402	0.873 to 1.403
Parity
Low (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
Multiparity	0.800	0.230	0.555 to 1.152				0.691	0.053	0.475 to 1.005	0.676	0.042	0.464 to 0.985
Grand multiparity	0.791	0.229	0.539 to 1.159				0.629	0.026	0.419 to 0.946	0.622	0.024	0.413 to 0.938
Child mortality experience
Ever experienced (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
Never experienced	1.028	0.766	0.858 1.232				1.014	0.878	0.844 1.218	1.030	0.751	0.857 1.238
Age at first birth
14 years or less (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
15–19 years	0.894	0.566	0.609 to 1.311				0.915	0.654	0.621 to 1.349	0.917	0.664	0.621 to 1.353
20–24 years	0.776	0.192	0.530 to 1.136				0.855	0.429	0.580 to 1.260	0.860	0.449	0.583 to 1.270
25 years or older	0.575	0.006	0.386 to 0.856				0.663	0.047	0.442 to 0.993	0.668	0.052	0.444 to 1.004
Fertility desire
Wants more children (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
Want no more children	0.677	<0.001	0.552 to 0.830				0.619	<0.001	0.500 to 0.766	0.611	<0.001	0.493 to 0.757
Undecided	1.367	0.428	0.631 to 2.965				1.053	0.898	0.477 to 2.326	1.061	0.884	0.479 to 2.348
Ideal family size
Small (ref)	–	–	–				–	–	–	–	–	–
Large	0.989	0.909	0.818 to 1.196				0.937	0.523	0.767 to 1.144	0.948	0.603	0.775 to 1.159
Maternal education
None (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Primary				2.321	<0.001	1.718 to 3.137	2.232	<0.001	1.652 to 3.015	1.916	<0.001	1.397 to 2.626
Secondary				2.032	<0.001	1.483 to 2.783	1.982	<0.001	1.445 to 2.718	1.637	0.004	1.173 to 2.285
Higher				1.610	0.007	1.138 to 2.280	1.587	0.011	1.112 to 2.263	1.192	0.377	0.807 to 1.759
Place of residence
Urban (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Rural				1.048	0.623	0.869 to 1.264	1.032	0.748	0.853 to 1.248	1.018	0.856	0.840 to 1.233
Household wealth index
Poorest (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Poorer				1.580	0.066	0.971 to 2.572	1.613	0.055	0.989 to 2.631	1.550	0.081	0.947 to 2.534
Middle				1.823	0.012	1.139 to 2.916	1.771	0.017	1.106 to 2.834	1.632	0.043	1.016 to 2.622
Richer				1.973	0.005	1.222 to 3.185	1.883	0.010	1.166 to 3.043	1.722	0.027	1.062 to 2.791
Richest				2.110	0.003	1.280 to 3.476	1.954	0.009	1.183 to 3.229	1.726	0.035	1.038 to 2.871
Employment status
Not working (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Working				1.036	0.812	0.775 to 1.389	1.020	0.897	0.759 to 1.370	0.967	0.823	0.718 to 1.300
Media exposure
None (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Low				0.912	0.583	0.656 to 1.267	0.937	0.699	0.673 to 1.304	0.897	0.519	0.645 to 1.248
Moderate				0.973	0.860	0.723 to 1.311	0.986	0.929	0.731 to 1.331	0.936	0.663	0.694 to 1.261
Geographic region
Northern (ref)				–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Southern				1.237	<0.001	1.190 to 1.805	1.241	<0.001	1.193 to 1.781	1.250	<0.001	1.200 to 1.818
Remarriage
Married once (ref)										–	–	–
Remarried										1.246	0.112	0.950 to 1.635
Paternal education
None (ref)										–	–	–
Primary										0.999	0.994	0.718 to 1.389
Secondary										1.023	0.896	0.728 to 1.436
Higher										1.281	0.189	0.885 to 1.854
Women autonomy
No autonomy (ref)										–	–	–
Autonomy										1.201	0.098	0.967 to 1.492

p value greater than 0.05 indicate not significant

ref reference category