Table 3. Clinical characteristics of the subjects.
| Characteristics | Control group | T2DM group |
|---|---|---|
| Cases (male/female) | 306 (179/127) | 474 (258/216) |
| Age, yr | 48.71 ± 10.89 | 50.54 ± 12.97 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.85 ± 2.81 | 24.67 ± 3.37* |
| WHR | 0.84 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.07* |
| Waist, cm | 77.50 ± 8.84 | 84.85 ± 9.40* |
| SBP, mmHg | 111.55 ± 16.41 | 127.04 ± 20.05* |
| DBP, mmHg | 73.01 ± 9.11 | 76.90 ± 10.65 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.23 ± 0.59 | 2.03 ± 1.57* |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.05 ± 1.02 | 5.09 ± 1.24 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.54 ± 0.39 | 1.38 ± 0.48* |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.75 ± 0.84 | 2.73 ± 0.97 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.06 ± 0.48 | 8.44 ± 3.33* |
| 2-hour blood glucose after oral glucosetolerance test, mmol/L | 6.01 ± 0.97 | 17.82 ± 6.66* |
| Fasting insulin, mU/L | 11.54 ± 5.88 | 15.83 ± 11.19* |
| 2-hour insulin after oral glucose tolerance test, mU/L | 48.90 ± 28.58 | 52.71 ± 41.09* |
| HOMR-IR | 2.60 ± 1.35 | 5.83 ± 4.98* |
| HOMR-β | 163.00 ± 112.14 | 102.25 ± 139.08* |
HOMA-IR = (FPG × Fasting insulin)/22.5; HOMA-β = 20 × Fasting insulin/(FPG − 3.5). After adjusting of age, BMI, WHR, and waist were compared; after adjusting age, BMI, and WHR, the other indicators were compared.
T2DM = type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI = body mass index, WHR = waist-to-hip ratio, SBP = systolic blood pressure, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, TG = triglycerides, FPG = fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, HOMA-β = homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function.
Compared with normal control: *P<0.01.