Table 3. Use of ARBs and the risk of pancreatic cancer.
| Use of ARBs | Cases (n=866) | Controls (n=8636) | Crude OR | Adjusted OR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Primary analysis | ||||
| Use of antihypertensive drugs other than ARBs, n (%) | 754 (87.1) | 7468 (86.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 (Reference) |
| Ever use of ARBs, n (%) | 112 (12.9) | 1168 (13.5) | 0.95 | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) |
|
Cumulative duration of use, n (%) | ||||
| ⩽1 year | 44 (5.1) | 373 (4.3) | 1.17 | 1.14 (0.82–1.58) |
| 1–3 years | 25 (2.9) | 391 (4.5) | 0.63 | 0.62 (0.41–0.94) |
| >3 years | 43 (5.0) | 404 (1.7) | 1.06 | 1.04 (0.74–1.46) |
| p-heterogeneity: 0.12 | ||||
|
Number of prescriptions, n (%) | ||||
| 12 | 49(5.7) | 456 (5.3) | 1.06 | 1.03 (0.76–1.40) |
| 12–36 | 28 (3.2) | 451 (5.2) | 0.61 | 0.60 (0.41–0.90) |
| 36 | 35 (4.0) | 261 (3.0) | 1.33 | 1.32 (0.91–1.92) |
| p-heterogeneity: 0.03 | ||||
|
Time since initiation, n (%) | ||||
| ⩽ 2 years | 29 (3.4) | 231 (2.7) | 1.24 | 1.21 (0.81–1.80) |
| 2–3 years | 21 (2.4) | 224 (2.6) | 0.93 | 0.91 (0.58–1.44) |
| >3 years | 62 (7.2) | 713 (8.3) | 0.85 | 0.84 (0.63–1.11) |
| p-heterogeneity: 0.44 | ||||
Abbreviations: ARB=angiotensin receptor blockers; CI=confidence interval; OR=odds ratio.
a
Adjusted for excessive alcohol use, smoking status, acute or chronic pancreatitis, previous cancer, metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, insulins, other oral anti-hypoglycaemic agents, aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins, and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at baseline. ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, other antihypertensive drugs, measured between cohort entry and the year immediately before index date.