Table 4. Correlations between inflammatory cytokines and measures of adiposity and muscle characteristics (with and without controlling for BF% or FM) according to age (young vs older persons).
| Variable |
Cytokine |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Young individuals |
Older individuals |
|||||||||
| IL-6 | IL-6 (BF%) | IL-1β | MIP-1α | MIP-1β | MCP-1 | TNF-α | TNF-α (FM) | IL-8 | IL-8 (FM) | |
| BMI (kg m-2) | r=−0.330; P=0.043 | r=0.378; P=0.028 | ||||||||
| BF% | r=−0.343; P=0.001 | r=0.428; P=0.011 | ||||||||
| FM (kg) | r=−0.357; P=0.028 | r=−0.323; P=0.048 | r=0.514; P=0.002 | |||||||
| LM (kg) | r=−0.360; P=0.026 | r=0.645; P=0.003 | r=0.655; P=0.003 | |||||||
| VA (%) | r=−0.376; P=0.022 | r=−0.362; P=0.050 | r=0.382; P=0.016 | r=0.414; P=0.010 | ||||||
| iMVC (N·m) | r=−0.333; P=0.044 | r=0.356; P=0.030 | r=0.588; P=0.008 | r=0.589; P=0.010 | ||||||
| ikMVC (N·m) | r=−0.325; P=0.049 | r=0.483; P=0.036 | ||||||||
| ikMVC/Vm (N·mcm-3) | r=−0.402; P=0.028 | |||||||||
| Ft (N) | r=0.339; P=0.040 | r=0.492; P=0.032 | ||||||||
| GM Ff (N) | r=0.534; P=0.019 | r=0.535; P=0.022 | ||||||||
| GM Vm (cm3) | r=0.566; P=0.001 | |||||||||
| GM θp (°) | r=−0.414; P=0.013 | r=0.458; P=0.048 | r=0.482; P=0.043 | |||||||
| GM Lf (mm) | r=0.393; P=0.019 | |||||||||
| GM PCSA (cm2) | r=−0.409; P=0.025 | r=0.386; P=0.035 | ||||||||
Abbreviations: BF, body fat; BMI, body mass index; Ft, maximum Achilles tendon force; FM, fat mass; GM Ff, maximum gastrocnemius medialis muscle fascicle force; GM Vm, gastrocnemius medialis muscle volume; ikMVC, isokinetic maximum voluntary contraction; IL, interleukun; iMVC, isometric maximum voluntary contraction; Lf, fascicle length; LM, lean mass; PCSA, physiological cross-sectional area; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; VA, voluntary muscle activation; θp, fascicle pennation angle.
Inverse correlations are indicated in bold.