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Schematic diagram is showing the possible effects of A-769662-induced AMPK activation on TLR-4 expression and its downstream pathways. The effects of metformin, a well-known AMPK activator, are presenting for comparing.
AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; MyD88: myeloid differentia-tion primary-response protein 88; p-: phosphorylated-; TLR: toll like receptor.
blocking sign: 
activating sign: 
