Table 3.
Phlebotomy study. Demographic, clinical, anthropometrical, and laboratory characteristics. Data are expressed as means and standard deviations unless otherwise indicated. p-values were assessed by Student's t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test and adjusted for multiple comparison. Abbreviations: T2DM – type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI – body mass index; WHR – waist hip ratio; AST – aspartate aminotransferase; ALT – alanine aminotransferase; GGT – gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; HOMA – Homeostasis model assessment; Tchol – total cholesterol, HDL-C – high density lipoproteins, LDL-C – low density lipoproteins, TG – triglyceride, CRP – C-reactive protein; IL – interleukin; TNF – tumor necrosis factor, y – years, kg – kilogram, m – meter, ng – nanogram, ml – milliliter, mg – milligram, dl – deciliter, μg – microgram, g – gram, U – unit, l – liter.
| Baseline n = 30 |
After intervention | p-value before/after intervention | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female) | 28/2 | ||
| Age (y) | 56.1 ± 7.4 | ||
| T2DM n (%) | 8 (26.7) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.6 ± 2.5 | ||
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 677.8 ± 239.2 | 91.5 ± 84.9 | <0.001 |
| Transferrin saturation (%) | 35.2 ± 10 | 20.8 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 15.5 ± 1 | 14.1 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| AST (U/l) | 42.6 ± 14.3 | 43.3 ± 16.2 | 0.839 |
| ALT (U/l) | 51.4 ± 26.7 | 41.2 ± 20.3 | 0.112 |
| GGT (U/l) | 117 ± 87.1 | 111.5 ± 84.9 | 0.632 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 111.1 ± 19 | 107.7 ± 15.9 | 0.106 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 23.2 ± 12.8 | 21.7 ± 10.7 | 0.536 |
| HOMA-IR | 6.8 ± 4,2 | 6.1 ± 3.6 | 0.615 |
| Tchol (mg/dl) | 212.4 ± 42 | 200.2 ± 39.8 | 0.097 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 48.5 ± 11.4 | 51.3 ± 12.5 | 0.281 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 129.1 ± 36.2 | 119.2 ± 32 | 0.228 |
| TG (mg/dl) | 222 ± 128.3 | 196.3 ± 97.7 | 0.318 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 3.7 ± 2 | 6.2 ± 6.2 | 0.010 |
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 5.9 ± 1.2 | 5.7 ± 1 | 0.577 |
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 12.5 ± 6.9 | 12.6 ± 6.7 | 0.917 |