Table 2. Changes in intima-media thickness from baseline by analysis of covariance models.
| Hypoglycemia group | No-Hypoglycemia group | Adjusted mean difference between groups | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean IMT-CCA (mean change from baseline; SE) | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.027 (0.015) | −0.023 (0.012) | −0.050 (−0.088, −0.013) | 0.009 |
| Model 2 | 0.027 (0.015) | −0.023 (0.012) | −0.050 (−0.088, −0.012) | 0.010 |
| Model 3 | 0.031 (0.015) | −0.023 (0.012) | −0.054 (−0.093, −0.015) | 0.007 |
| Model 4 | 0.030 (0.015) | −0.023 (0.012) | −0.052 (−0.092, −0.013) | 0.010 |
| Model 5 | 0.026 (0.016) | −0.020 (0.012) | −0.047 (−0.088, −0.005) | 0.027 |
| Model 6 | 0.027 (0.016) | −0.021 (0.013) | −0.048 (−0.090, −0.006) | 0.027 |
| Right maximum IMT-CCA (mean change from baseline; SE) | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.041 (0.035) | −0.007 (0.029) | −0.048 (−0.139, 0.043) | 0.30 |
| Model 2 | 0.039 (0.036) | −0.006 (0.029) | −0.046 (−0.138, 0.046) | 0.33 |
| Model 3 | 0.042 (0.036) | −0.007 (0.029) | −0.049 (−0.143, 0.046) | 0.31 |
| Model 4 | 0.042 (0.036) | −0.007 (0.029) | −0.049 (−0.143, 0.046) | 0.31 |
| Model 5 | 0.045 (0.037) | −0.009 (0.030) | −0.054 (−0.153, 0.045) | 0.28 |
| Model 6 | 0.049 (0.037) | −0.012 (0.030) | −0.061 (−0.160, 0.038) | 0.22 |
| Left maximum IMT-CCA (mean change from baseline; SE) | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.027 (0.029) | −0.053 (0.024) | −0.081 (−0.155, −0.007) | 0.032 |
| Model 2 | 0.032 (0.029) | −0.057 (0.024) | −0.089 (−0.164, −0.014) | 0.020 |
| Model 3 | 0.036 (0.029) | −0.057 (0.024) | −0.093 (−0.169, −0.016) | 0.017 |
| Model 4 | 0.033 (0.029) | −0.055 (0.024) | −0.088 (−0.164, −0.012) | 0.024 |
| Model 5 | 0.029 (0.030) | −0.053 (0.024) | −0.082 (−0.161, −0.002) | 0.045 |
| Model 6 | 0.024 (0.031) | −0.049 (0.024) | −0.074 (−0.155, 0.008) | 0.075 |
Differences in delta change in IMT from baseline between two groups were analyzed with analysis of covariance models that included the presence of hypoglycemia, age, gender, baseline IMT and the original treatment group (Model 1), model 1 plus body mass index and current smoking (Model 2), model 2 plus HbA1c, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride and systolic blood pressure (Model 3), model 3 plus estimated glomerular filtration rate, use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, use of statins and use of anti-platelets (Model 4), model 4 plus the use of sulfonylurea, the use of glinides and the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors (Model 5), model 5 plus C-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin (Model 6). CCA, common carotid artery; IMT, intima-media thickness.