Table 4. Most significant CpG site associated with each AF GWAS locus.

AF SNP	Cloest gene to AF SNP	CpG site	Chr	Position+	Closest gene to CpG site	Distance to AF SNP	Effect size	SE*	P value	Methylation to AF risk$
rs6490029	CUX2	cg10833066	12	111,807,467	FAM109A	109,010 bp	0.1380	0.0034	9.5 × 10−279	↑
rs10824026	SYNPO2L	cg02286717	10	75,415,704	SYNPO2L	5,504 bp	−0.0578	0.0018	1.3 × 10−190	↑
rs1152591	SYNE2	cg23250157	14	64,679,961	SYNE2	887 bp	−0.0109	0.0005	2.8 × 10−97	↓
rs7164883	HCN4	cg06757333	15	73,655,217	HCN4	3,043 bp	−0.0357	0.0019	1.3 × 10−71	↓
rs3807989	CAV1	cg12739419	7	116,140,593	CAV2	45,648 bp	0.0233	0.0013	1.2 × 10−65	↓
rs4642101	CAND2	cg24848339	3	12,840,334	CAND2	1,889 bp	−0.0112	0.0006	1.8 × 10−63	↑
rs12415501	NEURL	cg12662887	10	105,343,920	NEURL1	19,146 bp	0.0562	0.0034	7.5 × 10−59	↑
rs6666258	KCNN3	cg06221963	1	154,839,813	KCNN3	25,545 bp	0.0714	0.0052	6.6 × 10−42	↑
rs10507248	TBX5	cg10233830	12	114,701,413	TBX5	95,680 bp	−0.0311	0.0031	4.9 × 10−23	↑
rs10821415	C9orf3	cg13792694	9	97,865,232	FANCC	151,773 bp	−0.0033	0.0004	7.1 × 10−20	↓
rs3903239	PRRX1	cg09010107	1	170,638,807	PRRX1	69,490 bp	0.0116	0.0016	1.1 × 10−13	↑
rs6817105	PITX2	cg03587884	4	111,642,146	PITX2	63,622 bp	−0.0153	0.0022	1.0 × 10−11	↓
rs2106261	ZFHX3	cg06618356	16	73,097,364	ZFHX3	45,744 bp	−0.0096	0.0016	1.1 × 10−9	↓
rs13216675	GJA1	cg05720511	6	123,043,994	PKIB	591,665 bp	0.0024	0.0005	1.6 × 10−6	↓

All loci were significantly associated methylation status (P < 8.3 × 10⁻⁶).

⁺NCBI Genome Build 37.

^*SE: Standard error.

^$Indicate if AF risk allele was the same allele to increase methylation. “↑” Represents the AF risk allele would increase the methylation level, whereas “↓” represents the AF risk allele would decrease the methylation level.