Table 1.
Main characteristics of the Leipzig and Italian cohorts.
| Subgroup | Leipzig |
Italian |
Italian vs. Leipzig |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-obese | Obese | P-value non-obese vs. obese | Total | Methylation total | Expression total | Overlap of methylation and expressiona total | Lean | Obese | P-value lean vs. obese | Lean vs. non-obese | Obese vs. obese | |
| N | 51 | 54 | – | 105 | 77 | 63 | 42 | 13 | 17 | – | – | – |
| Male/female (N) | 21/30 | 18/36 | 0.411 | 39/66 | 33/44 | 16/47 | 11/31 | 7/6 | 10/7 | 0.227 | – | – |
| Lean/overweight/obese (N) | 44/7/0 | 0/0/54 | – | 44/7/54 | 36/5/36 | 23/3/37 | 17/1/24 | 13/0/0 | 0/0/17 | – | – | – |
| Age (years) | 64 ± 11 | 50 ± 15 | <0.0001 | 57 ± 15 | 60 ± 10 | 53 ± 16 | 57 ± 10 | 42 ± 9 | 40 ± 10 | 0.576 | <0.0001 | 0.012 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.05 ± 2.35 | 43.29 ± 10.90 | <0.0001 | 33.46 ± 12.9 | 31.14 ± 11.5 | 36.07 ± 13.9 | 34.31 ± 13.5 | 24.41 ± 1.7 | 39.54 ± 8.4 | <0.0001 | 0.021 | 0.198 |
| Body fat (%) | 22.3 ± 6.4 | 41.6 ± 10.4 | <0.0001 | 32.4 ± 13.0 | 31.5 ± 12.7 | 35.44 ± 13.9 | 35.74 ± 14.2 | – | – | – | – | – |
| CT-ratio (OVAT/SAT area) | 1.02 ± 0.89 | 0.32 ± 0.21 | <0.0001 | 0.69 ± 0.75 | 0.78 ± 0.83 | 0.62 ± 0.51 | 0.69 ± 0.55 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Waist (cm) | 81.2 ± 18.4 | 124.9 ± 20.1 | <0.0001 | 101.9 ± 29.1 | 96.9 ± 24.5 | 104.5 ± 30.1 | 99.0 ± 27.2 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Hip (cm) | 89.5 ± 11.8 | 124.9 ± 21.4 | <0.0001 | 106.3 ± 24.6 | 100.5 ± 17.3 | 108.7 ± 23.9 | 103.1 ± 18.3 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Waist-to-Hip ratio | 0.90 ± 0.12 | 1.01 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | 0.95 ± 0.15 | 0.96 ± 0.15 | 0.95 ± 0.15 | 0.95 ± 0.14 | – | – | – | – | – |
| SAT area (cm) | 107.1 ± 197.2 | 1016.2 ± 585.3 | <0.0001 | 533.2 ± 622.2 | 364.5 ± 411.1 | 582.6 ± 635.3 | 393.5 ± 400.5 | – | – | – | – | – |
| OVAT area (cm) | 69.2 ± 73.1 | 254.7 ± 124 | <0.0001 | 156.2 ± 136.3 | 141.7 ± 125.7 | 164.0 ± 128.3 | 160.8 ± 136.0 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.45 ± 0.88 | 6.40 ± 1.82 | 0.001 | 5.94 ± 1.52 | 5.98 ± 1.48 | 5.87 ± 1.31 | 6.00 ± 1.39 | 4.90 ± 0.57 | 5.03 ± 0.63 | 0.564 | 0.036 | 0.003 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l) | 17.94 ± 47.03 | 134.84 ± 146.72 | <0.0001 | 74.46 ± 121.92 | 75.02 ± 135.60 | 94.70 ± 141.10 | 107.59 ± 164.22 | 55.28 ± 35.84 | 111.12 ± 92.16 | 0.049 | 0.010 | 0.538 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.42 ± 0.50 | 6.09 ± 0.76 | <0.0001 | 5.76 ± 0.73 | 5.79 ± 0.80 | 5.71 ± 0.66 | 5.81 ± 0.74 | – | – | – | – | – |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.49 ± 0.48 | 1.15 ± 0.26 | <0.0001 | 1.33 ± 0.43 | 1.34 ± 0.42 | 1.33 ± 0.39 | 1.37 ± 0.42 | 1.35 ± 0.29 | 1.14 ± 0.25 | 0.042 | 0.326 | 0.895 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 3.06 ± 1.05 | 3.51 ± 1.38 | 0.107 | 3.27 ± 1.23 | 3.31 ± 1.23 | 3.28 ± 1.29 | 3.36 ± 1.38 | 2.98 ± 1.08 | 3.55 ± 1.07 | 0.161 | 0.812 | 0.916 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.28 ± 0.68 | 1.59 ± 0.94 | 0.150 | 1.41 ± 0.81 | 1.44 ± 0.79 | 1.20 ± 0.50 | 1.23 ± 0.51 | 1.11 ± 0.35 | 1.86 ± 0.65 | 0.001 | 0.398 | 0.313 |
| Free fatty acids (mmol/l) | 0.24 ± 0.25 | 0.48 ± 0.4 | 0.004 | 0.34 ± 0.34 | 0.29 ± 0.27 | 0.33 ± 0.36 | 0.23 ± 0.21 | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urates (mg/dl) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.02 ± 1.07 | 6.15 ± 1.07 | 0.008 | – | – |
All data are presented as mean ± SD.
a
Expression either in SAT or OVAT.