Table 1. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and end of study.
| Baseline | End of study | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (kg) | 68.6 ± 7.1 | 68.0 ± 6.5 | 0.20 |
| Total body fat content (%) | 22.8 ± 3.0 | 21.5 ± 3.4 | 0.03 |
| Non-alcoholic calorie intake (kcal/day) | 1911 ± 554 | 2007 ± 564 | 0.32 |
| Alcohol beverage’s calorie intake (kcal/day) | 280 ± 165 | 0 ± 0 | < 0.01 |
| Alcohol consumption (g/day) | 32.1 ± 20.0 | 0 ± 0 | < 0.01 |
| Daily physical activity (METs·h) | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 0.51 |
| Fasting plasma glucose [70–109] (mg/dl) | 105.5 ± 11.7 | 98.2 ± 7.8 | 0.02 |
| Fasting serum insulin [1.84–12.2] (μU/ml) | 5.7 ± 2.9 | 5.4 ± 3.0 | 0.43 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase [10–40] (IU/L) | 25.3 ± 8.0 | 20.9 ± 4.3 | 0.08 |
| Alanine aminotransferase [5–40] (IU/L) | 35.6 ± 21 | 24.8 ± 9.9 | 0.04 |
| γ-Glutamyl transferase [≤70] (IU/L) | 55.4 ± 25 | 40.4 ± 15 | 0.04 |
| Free fatty acid [140–850] (mmol/L) | 391.3 ± 79.7 | 462.8 ± 129 | 0.13 |
| Triglyceride [50–149] (mg/dl) | 131.8 ± 40.0 | 119.0 ± 37.7 | 0.41 |
| LDL cholesterol [70–139] (mg/dL) | 121.1 ± 17.4 | 116.5 ± 17.6 | 0.09 |
| HDL cholesterol [40–86] (mg/dL) | 59.0 ± 18.3 | 50.6 ± 14.0 | <0.01 |
| Total adiponectin (μg/ml) | 3.6 ± 1.3 | 3.5 ± 1.6 | 0.81 |
| HMW-adiponectin (μg/ml) | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 0.88 |
| Tumor Necrosis Factor -α (pg/ml) | 7.5 ± 2.0 | 8.5 ± 2.5 | 0.06 |
| high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (ng/ml) | 403 ± 382 | 353 ± 210 | 0.74 |
| Visceral fat area (cm2) | 144.8 ± 34.3 | 132.8 ± 35.1 | 0.02 |
| Subcutaneous fat area (cm2) | 129.2 ± 44.8 | 125.9 ± 44.4 | 0.31 |
| Intrahepatic lipid (%) | 5.3 ± 6.8 | 5.7 ± 7.2 | 0.76 |
| Intramyocellular lipid in TA (S-fat/Cre) | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | 0.15 |
Data are mean ± SD of 8 subjects, except the rate of glucose disposal (n = 7), intramyocellular lipid in tibialis anterior muscle (TA) (n = 7) and intrahepatic lipid (n = 4). METs; metabolic equivalents, HMW; high-molecular weight, S-fat; methylene signal intensity.