Table 1.
Subject characteristics (Mean ± standard deviation [SD])
| Total | Male | Female | Overweight | Obese | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 49 | 23 | 26 | 13 | 36 |
| Age (yrs) | 35.0 ± 8.9 | 37.4 ± 10.3 | 32.8 ± 6.9 | 37 ± 8.8 | 34.2 ± 8.9 |
| Height (cm) | 170.7 ± 9.7 | 178.1 ± 6.4* | 164.1 ± 7.1* | 169.7 ± 9.6 | 171.0 ± 9.9 |
| Weight (kg) | 97.9 ± 17.7 | 102.2 ± 15.1 | 94.2 ± 19.3 | 81.6 ± 9.9# | 103.8 ± 16.2# |
| BMI (kg·m-2) | 33.6 ± 5.2 | 32.1 ± 3.3 | 34.9 ± 6.2 | 28.2 ± 1.3# | 35.5 ± 4.7# |
| FM (kg) | 39.2 ±10.8 | 34.8 ± 8.8* | 43.1 ± 11.0* | 30.1 ± 4.0# | 42.5 ± 10.6# |
| %fat | 40.0 ± 7.3 | 33.8 ± 4.8* | 45.5 ± 4.1* | 37.4 ± 6.3 | 40.9 ± 7.5 |
| LM (kg) | 58.7 ± 12.1 | 67.4 ± 8.6* | 51.0 ± 9.4* | 51.4 ± 10.7# | 61.3 ± 11.6# |
| VAT (cm) | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 1.7 | 6.0 ± 1.9 |
| RMR (kcal·d1) | 1813.2 ± 311.2 | 2011.1 ± 259.1* | 1638.2 ± 242.8* | 1587.5 ± 216.5# | 1894.8 ± 301.6# |
| RER (a.u.) | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.0 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | 0.9 ± 0.0 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 185.5 ± 39.5 | 191.4 ± 35.0 | 179.4 ± 44.5 | 187.9 ± 36.8 | 184.6 ± 41.5 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 118.8 ± 34.3 | 124.3 ± 29.6 | 113.0 ± 38.4 | 120.0 ± 33.7 | 118.3 ± 35.0 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 44.6 ± 12.9 | 39.0 ± 7.9* | 50.5 ± 14.5* | 45.8 ± 13.2 | 44.2 ± 12.9 |
| TRG (mg/dL) | 110.7 ± 73.5 | 140.7 ± 87.7* | 79.3 ± 35.2* | 110.6 ± 56.6 | 110.7 ± 79.5 |
| GLUC (mg/dL) | 87.2 ± 22.2 | 92.8 ± 29.6 | 81.4 ± 7.0 | 81.5 ± 6.2 | 89.3 ± 25.5 |
| Insulin (uIU/mL) | 9.7 ± 7.4 | 8.5 ± 4.9 | 10.9 ± 9.2 | 7.0 ± 3.8 | 10.6 ± 8.1 |
| Cortisol (μg/dL) | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 |
| Estradiol (pg/mL) | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 2.2 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6# | 2.1 ± 0.9# |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 36.1 ± 28.9 | 15.0 ± 10.9* | 58.1 ± 25.2* | 22.3 ± 16.4 | 41.1 ± 31.0 |
*
significant difference between male/female (p<0.05).
#
significant difference between overweight/obese (p<0.05).