Table 3.

Presence and ORs of high risks of CHD and stroke according to CKD groups

Stages	High CHD risk		High stroke risk
	n (%)	OR (95% CI)	n (%)	OR (95% CI)
No CKD (n = 853)	317 (37.2)	–	90 (10.6)	–
CKD Stages 1–2 (n = 428)	216 (50.5)	1.7 (1.4–2.2)*	79 (18.5)	1.9 (1.4–2.7)*
CKD Stages 3–5 (n = 120)	81 (67.5)	3.5 (2.3–5.3)*	59 (49.2)	8.2 (5.4–12.5)*

*P<0.001 compared to cases no CKD. The 10-year CHD and stroke risks were estimated using the UK prospective diabetes study risk engine, and individuals were categorized as having low (<10%), intermediate (10–20%) or high (>20%) 10-year risk. ORs were calculated with binary logistic regression analysis. CHD: Coronary heart disease; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; UACR: Urine albumin–to–creatinine ratio; –: Not applicable.