Table 1. Characteristics of Study Participants with Diabetic Retinopathy.
| Case # | Sex/Age, y | DM Type | Duration of DM, y | HbA1c | Study Eye | BCVA | DR Stage | Laser Treatment | Diabetes Medication | DCP Density (%) | HPi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal DCP | |||||||||||
| 1 | M/48 | 1 | 7 | 12.0 | Right | 20/20 | NPDR | None | Insulin, glucagon | 63.46 | 0.432 |
| 2 | M/37 | 2 | 6 | 8.1 | Right | 20/15 | NPDR | None | Insulin | 58.02 | 0.429 |
| 3 | F/33 | 1 | 26 | 9.0 | Right | 20/20 | PDR | None | Insulin | 58.94 | 0.433 |
| DCP Non-Flow | |||||||||||
| 4 | F/33 | 1 | 25 | 8.0 | Left | 20/20 | PDR | PRP | Insulin, Metformin | 55.81 | 0.366 |
| 5 | F/31 | 1 | 17 | 5.8 | Right | 20/20 | PDR | None | Insulin | 51.44 | 0.429 |
| 6 | F/68 | 2 | 28 | 10.4 | Right | 20/50 | PDR | PRP | Insulin | 46.39 | 0.321 |
| 7 | F/53 | 2 | 8 | 6.9 | Right | 20/25 | NPDR | None | Insulin | - | 0.328 |
| 8 | M/43 | 2 | 6 | 7.4 | Left | 20/25 | PDR | PRP | Insulin | 49.52 | 0.314 |
| 9 | M/47 | 2 | 12 | 8.2 | Left | 20/25 | PDR | None | Insulin | 42.96 | 0.397 |
| 10 | F/33 | 2 | 5 | 7.2 | Right | 20/20 | NPDR | None | Insulin | 57.69 | 0.360 |
| 11 | M/47 | 2 | 2 | 7.8 | Right | 20/30 | PDR | PRP | Metformin | 47.69 | 0.352 |
| Normal DCP (1–3) | |||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 39.3 (7.8) | 13.0 (11.3) | 9.7 (2.0) | - | - | - | - | - | 60.14 (2.91) | 0.431 (0.002) | |
| DCP Non-Flow (4–11) | |||||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 44.4 (12.5) | 12.9 (9.6) | 7.7 (1.3) | - | - | - | - | - | 50.21 (5.21) | 0.358 (0.013) | |
| P-value | 0.54 | - | 0.99 | 0.084 | - | - | - | - | - | 0.016 | 0.013 |
Deep capillary plexus parafoveal vessel density on optical coherence tomography angiography and the cone photoreceptor heterogeneity packing index on adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy were significantly reduced in patients with diabetic macular ischemia.
Abbreviations: BCVA = Best corrected visual acuity, DCP = Deep capillary plexus, DM = Diabetes mellitus, DR = Diabetic retinopathy, HbA1c = Glycated hemoglobin, percent of total hemoglobin, HLD = Hyperlipidemia, HPi = Heterogeneity Packing index, HTN = Hypertension, KD = Kidney disease, NPDR = Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, OU = Oculus uterque (both eyes), OD = Oculus dexter (right eye), OS = Oculus sinister (left eye), PDR = Proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PRP = Panretinal photocoagulation, SD = Standard deviation, y = Years, P-value = Independent samples t-test between Normal DCP and DCP non-flow groups for each parameter.