Table 7.
Comparison of accumulated trace metals with maximum allowed inhalation.
| Estimated smoke contents (μg) after 300 puffs* (20 cigarettes) over an 8 h period | Estimated aerosol content (μg) after 300 puffs* (20 cigarettes equivalent) over an 8 h period | NIOSH REL (μg/L) | OSHA PEL (μg/L) | Estimated maximum allowed inhalation (μg) based on REL and total ventilation of 7 L/min over an 10 h period | Estimated maximum allowed inhalation (μg) based on PEL and total ventilation of 7 L/min over an 8 h period | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al | 170 (1%) | 87 (1%) | 5.000 | 5.000 | 21,000 | 16,800 |
| As# | 1.13 (3%) | 0.05 (0%) | 0.002 | 0.010 | 8 | 34 |
| Cd# | 2 (10%) | BDL | NA | 0.005 | NA | 17 |
| Cu | 1 (0%) | BDL | 0.100 | 0.100 | 420 | 336 |
| Fe | 0.41 (0%) | 0.01 (0%) | 5.000 | 5.000 | 21,000 | 16,800 |
| Mn | 37 (6%) | BDL | 1.000 | 0.200 | 4200 | 672 |
| Ni# | ? | 4 (25%) | 0.015 | 0.500 | 63 | 17 |
| Pb | 0.3 (0%) | BDL | 0.050 | 0.050 | 210 | 168 |
| Zn | 29 (0%) | 9 (0%) | NA | 5.000 | NA | 16,800 |
*
Twenty cigarettes equal 300 puffs or one pack of cigarettes.
#
Potential cancer causing agent.
Values in parenthesis indicate the percentages of maximum allowed inhalation based on PEL. MCE, mixed cellulose ester; NIOSH, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; REL, recommended exposure limit; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PEL, permissible exposure limit; NA, not available. ?, Not conclusive since five of eight values from Table 4 are above detection limit. BDL, below detection limit. BDL, below detection limit or in the event that control MCE membranes have a greater value than the MCE membranes exposed to aerosol.