Table 2.
Gene composition of Cardiocrinum chloroplast genomes.
| Groups of genes | Names of genes |
|---|---|
| Ribosomal RNAs | rrn16(× 2), rrn23(× 2), rrn4.5(× 2), rrn5(× 2) |
| trnK-UUUa, trnQ-UUG, trnS-GCU, trnG-GCCa, trnR-UCU | |
| trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnY-GUA, trnE-UUC, trnT-GGU | |
| trnS-UGA, trnG-UCC, trnfM-CAU, trnS-GGA, trnT-UGU | |
| Transfer RNAs | trnL-UAAa, trnF-GAA, trnV-UACa, trnM-CAU, trnW-CCA |
| trnP-UGG, trnH-GUG(× 2), trnI-CAU(× 2), trnL-CAA(× 2) | |
| trnV-GAC(× 2), trnI-GAUa(× 2), trnA-UGCa(× 2), trnR-ACG(× 2) | |
| trnN-GUU(× 2), trnL-UAG | |
| Photosystem I | psaB, psaA, psaI, psaJ, psaC |
| Photosystem II | psbA, psbK, psbI, psbM, psbD, psbC, psbZ, psbJ, psbL, psbF, psbE, psbB, psbT, psbN, psbH |
| Cytochrome | petN, petA, petL, petG, petBa, petDa |
| ATP synthase | atpA, atpFa, atpH, atpI, atpE, atpB, |
| Rubisco | rbcL |
| NADH dehydrogenase | ndhJ, ndhK, ndhC, ndhBa(× 2), ndhF, ndhD, ndhE, |
| ndhG, ndhI, ndhAa, ndhH | |
| ATP-dependent protease subunit P | clpPb |
| Chloroplast envelope membrane protein | cemA |
| large units | rpl33, rpl20, rpl36, rpl14, rpl16a, rpl22, rpl2a(× 2), rpl23(× 2), rpl32 |
| small units | rps16a, rps2, rps14, rps4, rps18, rps12b(× 2), rps11, rps8, rps3, rps19, rps7(× 2), rps15 |
| RNA polymerase | rpoC2, rpoC1a, rpoB, rpoA, |
| Miscellaneous proteins | matK, accD, ccsA |
| Hypothetical proteins & conserved reading frames | ycf3b, ycf4, ycf2(× 2), ycf1 |
| Pseudogenes | Ψycf15(× 2), Ψycf68(× 2),ΨinfA |
a
Indicates the genes containing a single intron.
b
Indicates the genes containing two introns; (× 2) indicates genes duplicated in the IR regions; pseudogene is represented by Ψ.