Table 2.
Associations of Tumor NPY mRNA and Its Serum Protein Levels with Neuroblastoma Prognostic Factors
| Factor | n | n (%) of patients with a median NPY mRNA level ≥0.84 of β-actin level | P value∗ | n | n (%) of patients with a median serum NPY level ≥0.69 ng/mL | P value∗ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, months | >0.9999 | 0.3828 | ||||
| <18 | 41 | 21 (51) | 40 | 18 (45) | ||
| ≥18 | 42 | 21 (50) | 43 | 24 (56) | ||
| INSS stage | 0.3762 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Non–stage 4 | 48 | 22 (46) | 47 | 14 (30) | ||
| 1 | 13 | 11 | ||||
| 2 | 11 | 12 | ||||
| 3 | 21 | 21 | ||||
| 4S | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Stage 4 | 35 | 20 (57) | 36 | 28 (78) | ||
| Grade | 0.0010 | 0.1071 | ||||
| Undifferentiated | 69 | 39 (56) | 68 | 38 (56) | ||
| Poorly differentiated | 10 | 0 (0) | 11 | 3 (27) | ||
| MKI | >0.9999 | 0.0867 | ||||
| Low or intermediate | 52 | 25 (48) | 52 | 23 (44) | ||
| High | 24 | 12 (50) | 24 | 16 (67) | ||
| Histologic findings | 0.2611 | 0.0244 | ||||
| Favorable | 35 | 15 (43) | 35 | 13 (37) | ||
| Unfavorable | 44 | 25 (57) | 44 | 28 (64) | ||
| MYCN status | 0.4371 | 0.1176 | ||||
| Not amplified | 63 | 34 (54) | 63 | 29 (46) | ||
| Amplified | 19 | 8 (42) | 19 | 13 (68) | ||
| Ploidy | 0.0522 | 0.0042 | ||||
| Hyperdiploid | 58 | 26 (45) | 56 | 23 (41) | ||
| Diploid | 23 | 16 (70) | 25 | 19 (76) | ||
| Risk | 0.6620 | 0.0020 | ||||
| Low or intermediate | 44 | 21 (48) | 44 | 15 (34) | ||
| High | 39 | 21 (54) | 39 | 27 (69) | ||
| Distant metastases | 0.4351 | <0.0001 | ||||
| No (stages 1–3) | 45 | 21 (47) | 44 | 11 (25) | ||
| Yes (stages 4, 4S) | 38 | 21 (55) | 39 | 31 (79) | ||
| Recurrence | 0.5300 | 0.0048 | ||||
| No | 55 | 27 (49) | 55 | 22 (40) | ||
| Yes | 21 | 12 (57) | 21 | 16 (76) |
INSS, International Neuroblastoma Staging System; MKI, mitosis-karyorrhexis index; NPY, neuropeptide Y.
∗
Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) are in bold.